About this trial
Shock is a major risk factor for mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Since various hemodynamic strategies uniformly delivered to patients with shock have failed to improve clinically relevant outcomes, individualized approaches for shock supported by robust evidence are required. This study will be a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. The investigators will randomly assign 800 critically ill patients requiring norepinephrine infusion to the renin-guided or usual care groups. The investigators hypothesize that renin-guided hemodynamic management, compared to usual care, can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in patients requiring vasopressor support.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
≥18 years old
Admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU)
Requiring norepinephrine infusion at any dose to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ≥65 mmHg after initial fluid resuscitation
Expected to stay in the ICU for at least 24 hours
Disqualifiers
Pregnancy
Refused informed consent
Current enrollment into another randomized controlled trial that does not allow concomitant enrollment
Requiring vasopressors for >12 hours before the enrollment
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Renin-guided hemodynamic management
Procedure/SurgeryIf normalization of renin levels is achieved (values within the normal laboratory range), we will continue with usual care according to local protocols.
Usual care
Procedure/SurgeryStandard of care
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
A composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization.
The primary outcome will be a composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization. We will define AKI progression as increasing at least two AKI stages compared to the AKI stage at study enrollment. We will define and stage AKI according to the current international criteria, the KDIGO guidelines (16). We will use both creatinine and urine output criteria.
Secondary outcomes
All-cause mortality at intensive care unit discharge, hospital discharge, and 90 days after randomization.
The need for and duration of vasopressors at 30 days after randomization
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned 30 days of duration of vasopressors at day 30.
Days alive and free from mechanical ventilation
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from mechanical ventilation at day 30.
Day alive and free from renal replacement therapy.
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from renal replacement therapy at day 30.
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