Risk Factors and Exercise Effects on Abdominal Separation in Seniors

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) in the geriatric population and assess the effectiveness of a targeted exercise program on inter-recti distance (IRD) and linea alba stability. Diastasis recti abdominis is a common condition characterized by the separation of the rectus abdominis muscles, which can affect trunk stability, posture, and pelvic floor function. While heavily researched in postpartum women, data regarding DRA in older adults remains limited. In the first observational phase, 500 participants aged 60 and older will undergo ultrasonographic (USG) measurement of the inter-recti distance (2 cm above and 2 cm below the umbilicus) and an assessment of linea alba stability during active movements (cervical flexion, leg raise, and trunk extension). Abdominal circumference will also be measured. Risk factors, functional status, physical activity, urinary incontinence, and low back pain will be evaluated using standardized questionnaires (IPAQ, ICIQ-UI SF, Revised Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index) and a custom survey. Participants diagnosed with DRA (IRD 2 cm and/or linea alba instability) will be invited to join the second, interventional phase. They will be randomly allocated to either an experimental exercise group or a control group. The exercise group will perform a structured 8-to-10-week exercise program, while the control group receives no intervention. Follow-up assessments (USG, stability testing, and questionnaires) will be conducted for both groups after the 8-10 week period to compare outcomes.