About this trial
For patients with non-curative resection after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC), complementary surgery is generally recommended. However, about 2/3 of patients have no remaining tumor in the stomach or regional lymph nodes. In this trial, Indocyanine Green (ICG)-guided lymphadenectomy with or without laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) will be tested as a less invasive alternative in such cases. For patients with a primary radically resected EGC, ICG-guided lymphadenectomy alone will be performed. For patients with deep-margin positive EGC, ICG-guided lymphadenectomy and LECS will be performed, in order to ensure both local tumor control in the stomach and in regional nodes.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
EGC previously treated with ESD according to current guidelines (differentiated adenocarcinoma, not ulcerative, of any size, differentiated adenocarcinoma ulcerative </=3cm, undifferentiated adenocarcinoma not ulcerative </=2cm)
Non curative resection
Lymphovascular invasion
Non-radical resection vertical margin
Disqualifiers
Location within 2 cm from cardia or pylorus
Non-curative resection with only non-radicality horizontal margin
Inoperative because of severe comorbidities
Previous radiotherapy to the upper abdomen
Trial design
Single group
Treatments tested in this trial
ICG-guided lymphadenectomy
Procedure/SurgerySubmucosal injection of ICG in quadrants around the scar after ESD, followed by laparoscopic resection of positive lymph nodes after 15 minutes
Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS)
Procedure/SurgeryEndoscopic marking and submucosal cutting around the scar after ESD, followed by perforation of the gastric wall and laparoscopic full thickness resection of the area under endoscopic guidance.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Severe complications defined as Clavien-Dindo >/= III
Safety of the procedure, defined as Clavien-Dindo complication grade \>/= III
Secondary outcomes
Any complications
Any complication during the procedure (Clavien-Dindo II-IV)
Postoperative bleeding
Postoperative bleeding requiring blood transfusion
Leakage
Leakage/postoperative abscess requiring drainage
Operation time
Time of the surgical procedure
Sponsors and contacts
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