This study aims to evaluate the relationship between serum electrolyte levels and the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT).
Contrast-induced nephropathy remains a significant complication associated with endovascular procedures and is linked to increased morbidity and mortality. While several risk factors have been identified, the role of serum electrolyte imbalances in the development of CI-AKI has not been fully elucidated.
In this retrospective cohort study, patients treated with EVT between 2018 and 2026 will be analyzed. Patients will be classified based on the presence or absence of CI-AKI according to changes in serum creatinine levels. Demographic data, comorbidities, laboratory parameters-including serum electrolytes-and procedural variables will be compared between groups.
The primary objective is to determine whether serum electrolyte levels are associated with the risk of CI-AKI. Secondary objectives include evaluating 90-day mortality and dialysis dependency in patients who develop CI-AKI.
Adults aged 18 years or older
Patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke
Patients who underwent endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke between 2018 and 2026
Patients with a baseline NIHSS score of 6 or higher
Age younger than 18 years
Pre-existing acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease meeting KDIGO stage 1-3 before endovascular therapy
APACHE score greater than 25 at the time of the procedure
Known allergy or hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media
This study includes adult patients (≥18 years) with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular therapy at a tertiary referral center between 2018 and 2026. Patients with sufficient clinical and laboratory data, including pre- and post-procedural serum creatinine measurements, will be eligible for inclusion. The cohort reflects a real-world population of patients undergoing EVT, encompassing a wide range of demographic and clinical characteristics, including common vascular comorbidities. Patients will be stratified according to the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) for comparative analyses.
Cohort
Retrospective
No intervention (observational cohort study)
Other interventionNo experimental or therapeutic intervention was assigned. This observational retrospective cohort study evaluated patients undergoing endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke, who were subsequently categorized based on the presence or absence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The study analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory (including serum electrolyte levels) and procedural variables to identify potential risk factors associated with CI-AKI development.
Incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI)
CI-AKI will be identified based on post-procedural serum creatinine changes after contrast exposure according to established diagnostic criteria.
90-day mortality
All-cause mortality occurring within 90 days after endovascular therapy in patients with and without contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI).
Dialysis dependency in patients with CI-AKI
Requirement for renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis) within 90 days after endovascular therapy in patients who developed contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI)
Change in serum creatinine
Change in serum creatinine levels from baseline to post-procedural measurements following contrast exposure.
Association between serum electrolyte levels and CI-AKI
Evaluation of the relationship between baseline serum electrolyte levels (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, phosphate) and the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.
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