The aim of the study is to establish an infectious risk stratification system based on pre-and post-operative blood endotoxin profile.
Adults that is able to consent (≥ 18 years of age)
Scheduled to undergo PCNL at Uhealth tower and Jackson Memorial Hospitals
not currently immunosuppressed [White blood count (WBC) >= 2, not on immunosuppressive medications]
unable to consent and < 18 years of age
currently immunosuppressed (WBC < 2, not on immunosuppressive medications)
Patients scheduled for PCNL as surgical treatment for their kidney stones at Jackson and the University of Miami Hospitals.
Case-only
Prospective
Not listed
Number of participants at each endotoxin activity level after surgery.
The endotoxin activity level assessed from blood samples will be categorized as low (\<0.40), intermediate (0.40-0.59) or high (≥0.60) endotoxin activity level. Analysis will be done via Endotoxin Activity Assay (EAA).
Corelation of endotoxin activity level with post-operative infectious complication
infectious complications include fever, and signs and symptoms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome as evaluated by treating physician.
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