Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures to prevent healthcare associated infections. A hand hygiene technique consisting of three steps may be superior to the 6-step technique outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in terms of compliance with both indications and technique. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare compliance with hand hygiene indications and technique between a 3-step and the 6-step technique for applying hand rub in an international multicenter cluster randomized trial.
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Parallel
Study intervention: 3-step hand hygiene technique
Procedure/Surgery3-step hand hygiene technique: 1. Covering all surfaces of the hands (based on own judgement) 2. Rotational rubbing of fingertips in the palm of the alternate hand 3. Rotational rubbing of both thumbs
Control intervention: 6-step hand hygiene technique
Procedure/Surgery6-step hand hygiene technique (according to the WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, First Global Patient Safety Challenge): 1. Rubbing hands palm to palm 2. Palm to palm with fingers interlaced 3. Right palm over left dorsum with interlaced fingers and vice versa 4. Back of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked 5. Rotational rubbing of left thumb clasped in right palm and vice versa 6. Rotational rubbing backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in left palm and vice versa
Compliance with hand hygiene indications
Compliance with the five hand hygiene indications defined by the WHO: * before touching a patient * before clean/aseptic procedures * after body fluid exposure risk * after touching a patient * after touching patient surroundings
Compliance with the assigned hand hygiene technique
Compliance with the assigned technique, defined as performance of the proposed three steps in the intervention group and of all six steps in the control group.
Compliance with performance of the two steps for applying hand rub to the thumbs and the fingertips
Compliance with performance of the two steps for applying hand rub to the thumbs and the fingertips, which are part of both the 3-step and the 6-step technique for applying hand rub.
Duration of the hand hygiene action
Duration of the hand hygiene action, the time spent for the application of hand rub will be measured and compared between the two assignments.
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