This cluster randomized trial is conducted in Beijing primary schools to evaluate the efficacy of a WeChat mini-program-based high-temperature early warning intervention on the physical and cognitive health of school-age children. Six participating schools are randomly assigned to two parallel groups. The intervention group receives tiered heat alerts and guided self-health monitoring via the mini-program. The control group follows standard daily school and family routines, with no dedicated digital high-temperature early-warning intervention. The primary outcome is children's executive function after a 2.5-month follow-up. A range of secondary indicators related to physical status, mental health and health behaviors are assessed concurrently to quantify the intervention's benefits in mitigating adverse health outcomes caused by high temperatures.
Possess adequate facilities and qualified teaching staff.
The school and teachers maintain good cooperation.
Class size is no less than 35 students.
All participating classrooms are equipped with air conditioners.
Participants who are unable or refuse to complete required examinations.
Students receiving psychological or psychiatric treatment that may confound the study results.
Those currently enrolled in other interventional clinical studies that may affect outcome assessment.
Any other conditions deemed ineligible by the research team. Any participant meeting any of the above exclusion criteria will be excluded from the study.
Parallel
WeChat Mini-program Based Heat Health Risk Early Warning Intervention
Other interventionThis study implements a digital early warning intervention targeting children's high-temperature health risks. During the intervention period, when the high-temperature health risk level reaches yellow, orange or red, relevant risk information, health tips and heat protection education materials are released to parents and head teachers via the WeChat mini-program. Parents or teachers pass on the warning information to participating children. During non-summer periods, Beijing's high-temperature early warning information is pushed to head teachers and parents via the WeChat mini-program; during summer vacation, location-specific early warning information is sent to parents. All recipients are required to pass on the information to children promptly upon receipt.
The primary outcome is the comprehensive total score of children's executive function constructed based on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)
The only primary outcome of this study is the composite score of cognitive executive function derived from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) via the TOPSIS method. All WCST absolute indicators and sub-dimensions are sub-indicators instead of independent outcomes. The WCST indicators are grouped into three sub-dimensions: conceptual thinking (Total Correct, Total Errors, Nonperseverative Errors, Conceptual Level Responses, Categories Completed), perseveration (Perseverative Responses, Perseverative Errors), and set maintenance (Failure to Maintain Set). Negative indicators are converted using the formula (x' = Max(x) - x). After Z-score normalization, the decision matrix is established, positive and negative ideal solutions are identified, and Euclidean distances and relative closeness are computed. The resulting relative closeness value is taken as the final composite score of cognitive executive function, the single primary outcome of this study.
Systolic Blood Pressure
Systolic Blood Pressure measured in mmHg
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Diastolic blood pressure measured in mmHg
Heart Rate
Resting heart rate measured in beats per minute (bpm)
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Pulmonary function indicator measured in liters (L)
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