Technology in Play for Children With Physical Disabilities: the Dice Model of Play
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age3-9
SponsorUniversity of Manitoba
About this trial
Play is an important activity for children. Almost all children play, but what is play? It is not easy to define play. In the past, people believed that children played to burn their energy. Now, it is known that play is important for children's growth. Some kids with disabilities cannot play. Many experts use play to teach children specific skills. People often forget that play is a child's right. It is important to help all children play. The first step is to define play and find what features are important in helping a child with a disability play.
There are some models of play. But they are not complete. They do not look at play as a whole. Some models are just about playfulness, and some are about playing with others. Having a model that defines play helps researchers and clinicians think about play and the different parts of it. Then, when a child cannot play, experts can fix the part that is not working. Investigators want to introduce a model of play in this project. Investigators want to edit and complete it in three steps. First, Investigators will ask parents and children with disabilities about things that help or do not help them play; then, investigators will give Lego robots to children that they will build with help and play with them for a few weeks. And at the end, investigators will ask therapists and other experts about our model of play. This model will be edited during the study.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Having a disability or typically developed
Between 3 to 9 years old
Speaking and understanding English or Persian
Living in Winnipeg
Disqualifiers
Not receiving play therapy within the last three months
Trial design
Design model
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
robots
Other interventionLEGO robots with adaptation according to child's age and developmental skills.
conventional
Other interventionA pack of conventional play tools consists of dolls, teddy bears, miniature wild animals, and small cars. All are available, and the child can choose to play with them.
Treatment groups
20 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: robotsExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: conventional toysExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Test of Playfulness
The Test of playfulness (TOP) version 4 (Bundy, 1998) is an observational test that covers four main elements of playfulness: intrinsic motivation, internal control, freedom of reality, and framing within 29 Likert scale related to extent, intensity, and skillfulness and is used for children between 15 months and 18 years old. Upper scores means better play skills, no cut-off score.
Time frame
before the session 1, after session 8, after session 16, each time 10 to 20 minutes.2
The Child Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA-2)
The Child Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA-2) provides a play tool pack consisting of two different sets: conventional and symbolic play tools. Percentage of Elaborated Play Actions (PEPA), Number of Object Substitutions (NOS), and Number of Imitations (NIA) are reported for conventional, symbolic, and general pretend play. Higher PEPA and NOS and lower NIA scores show better play skills. There are Z-scores for each age range that child can be compared with typically developed children.
Time frame
before the session 1, after session 8, after session 16, each time 18 minutes for 3 years old children and 30 minutes for 4-8 years old children.3
The Pretend Play Enjoyment-Developmental Checklist (PPE-DC)
The Pretend Play Enjoyment-Developmental Checklist (PPE-DC) measures play enjoyment and covers some aspects of pretend play, such as sequences, storytelling, playing with dolls, object substitution, roleplay, and social interaction, from parents and experts prospectives within two different scoresheets, items are defined for different developmental ages and by choosing one item, the play developmental age in each subcategory can be estimated. Play enjoyment score is better when is higher.
Time frame
before the session 1, after session 8, after session 16, each time almost 10 minutes for parents and 10 minutes for researcher.Sponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
University of Manitoba
Lead sponsor
Rehabilitation Centre for Children, Canada
Collaborator
Source ClinicalTrials.gov