Delirium is an acute confusional state, it is a sign of acute encephalopathy, also known as acute brain failure, acute brain dysfunction or mental state changes.Postoperative delirium can cause post-traumatic stress disorder, affects patients' quality of life, extend the length of hospital stay, increased hospitalization cost, and is closely relative to short-term and long-term mortality after surgery. Exogenous 40 Hz stimulation can improve cognitive functioning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous 40Hz stimulation on the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip and knee replacement.
None
Severe liver and kidney dysfunction
here were mental and nervous system diseases before operation
Have a history of alcoholism, long-term use of sedative or analgesic
A history of a delirium and other reasons are reluctant to cooperate
Parallel
40Hz stimulation
DeviceExogenous 40HZ stimulation is a physical intervention that can drive oscillations in the gamma range, and the oscillations and pulses caused at the corresponding frequency can lead to a significant reduction in β-amyloid, reverse tau hyperphosphorylation, and thereby improve the cognitive function of patients.
The incidence of postoperative delirium
Postoperative delirium was assessed by CAM scale.The diagnosis of delirium mainly depends on four characteristics: 1 acute fluctuating course; 2 attention disorder; 3 thinking disorder; 4 change of consciousness level. At the same time, 1 and 2, and 3 or 4 can be used to diagnose delirium.
Blood Markers
Serum Tau proteomic analysis and CRP, IL-6, and B cell levels were recorded
The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Follow up patients for nausea and vomiting
Sleep quality
Sleep quality was assessed using a sleep quality scale(QS),(0: no effect on sleep 1: sleep in and out of sleep at night 2: sleep in and out of sleep unable to fall asleep 3: light sleep but unable to fall asleep 4: unable to fall asleep at all)
The incidence of pain
NRS is a dotted ruler from 0 to 10. 0 means no pain, and 10 means unbearable pain. The patient chooses a number from above to describe the pain.
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