Psychological empowerment is defined as nurses' perceptions of their professional roles as meaningful, their ability to effectively perform their duties, their level of participation in organizational decision-making processes, and their perceptions of their professional productivity. In occupational groups with high stress levels, such as nursing, psychological empowerment plays a crucial role in maintaining individual and organizational well-being. Research indicates that nurses' levels of psychological empowerment are moderate and that there is a need for enhancing interventions.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of a digital board game-based psychological empowerment program on nurses' psychological empowerment levels, job satisfaction, and innovative behaviors. The research was designed with a pretest-posttest randomized controlled experimental design. The study sample will consist of nurses working in a university hospital. Participants will be selected according to specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data will be collected using a Personal Information Form, the Psychological Empowerment Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Innovative Behavior Scale. The "digital board game-based psychological empowerment program" will be structured based on Kanter and Spreitzer's empowerment theories. The Ministry of Health's 2021 "Guide to Core Competencies in Nursing," the Psychological Empowerment Scale sub-dimensions, and studies on psychological empowerment in nursing in the literature will be considered in the preparation of the training content. The final version of the program will be completed following expert opinions. The program will consist of 6-week sessions. Each session is planned as two parts: (1) online empowerment training and (2) online group workshops. The group workshops will include topic-specific question-and-answer activities, group discussions, and digital board game applications appropriate to the session theme. Re-measurements (post-tests) will be conducted in the first and third months following the intervention. The control group will not receive any active intervention and will be subjected to the same assessment at the same time intervals as the intervention group. The control group will receive a booklet containing the training content at the end of the study. The data obtained will be analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The study results indicate a significant increase in nurses' psychological empowerment levels and an improvement in their job satisfaction and innovative behaviors in the intervention group. While numerous studies on the psychological empowerment of nurses exist in the literature, structured, long-term psychological empowerment programs and intervention studies are limited. The unique aspect of this study is the development and implementation of an innovative game-based intervention program to contribute to the psychological empowerment of nurses.
Being between the ages of 18 and 45 (although there are differing opinions in the literature on the age limit, the 45-year-old age limit encompasses a period when the effects of aging are more pronounced),
Voluntarily participating in the study and having given written consent,
Working a mix of day and night shifts (arrangements such as working only during the day, only at night, or with maternity leave will be excluded),
Not receiving any other psychological training or therapy during the study dates,
Not meeting inclusion criteria
Failure to attend 2 or more sessions (attending less than 70% of the sessions),
Withdrawal from the study voluntarily,
Developing health problems that prevent participation after starting the program,
Parallel
Digital Board Game-Based Psychological Empowerment Program
BehavioralThis intervention is a 6-week online program aimed at increasing nurses' psychological empowerment, job satisfaction, and innovative behavior. Each session will last 2 hours and will be conducted via Zoom. The program will consist of: Online educational presentations on psychological empowerment, Group discussions and experience sharing, Digital board games via the Board Game Arena (BGA) platform, Session evaluations using the Kahoot app (increasing motivation by offering small prizes to the first 3 participants). The intervention group will receive a pretest, posttest, and sustainability measurements (1- and 3-month follow-ups).
Psychological Empowerment Level
Nurses' psychological empowerment levels will be assessed using the Psychological Empowerment Scale developed by Spreitzer. The scale's validity and reliability in Turkish were conducted by Üner \& Turan. The scale consists of 12 items and uses a 7-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). The minimum score is 12, and the maximum score is 84. Higher scores indicate higher levels of psychological empowerment.
Job Satisfaction Level
Nurses' job satisfaction levels will be assessed using the Job Satisfaction Scale, developed by Brayfield and Rothe, abbreviated by Judge et al., and validated and verified in Turkish by Başol \& Çömlekçi. The scale is a one-dimensional, five-item, 5-point Likert-type scale (1=Strongly disagree, 5=Strongly agree). The minimum score is 1, and the maximum score is 5. Higher scores indicate higher levels of job satisfaction.
Innovative Behavior Level
Description: Nurses' innovative behavior levels will be assessed using the Innovative Behavior Scale, developed by Scott and Bruce and validated and verified in Turkish by Çalışkan et al. The scale consists of six items and is a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = Strongly disagree, 5 = Strongly agree). The minimum score is 6, and the maximum score is 30. Higher scores indicate higher levels of innovative behavior.
Program Evaluation
The intervention group's opinions on the program duration, content, method, and benefits will be collected using the Program Evaluation Form prepared by the researcher. The form includes three structured questions (e.g., duration of instruction, liking of board games) and an open-ended suggestion section. It is not a scored scale.
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