This study will be conducted to examine the levels of pain, pressure pain threshold, joint position sense, sensation, functionality, pain catastrophizing, central sensitization, and body awareness in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain, and to compare these findings with those of healthy individuals. Additionally, the study will aim to objectively investigate the relationships between lumbar self-perception (FreBAQ) and tactile acuity (TPDT), pressure pain threshold (PPT), lumbar joint position sense (LJPS), as well as psychosocial (PCS) and central sensitization (CSI) indicators in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain. Furthermore, the study will seek to evaluate the predictive effects of lumbar self-perception on pain (VAS) and disability (RMDQ), in conjunction with objectively assessed sensory and sensorimotor measures in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain.
"How long has the pain been an ongoing problem for you?"
"How often has pain been an ongoing problem for you over the past 6 months?" A response of "greater than 3 months" to question 1 and "at least half the days in the past 6 months" to question 2 indicated chronic pain.
Being 25 and 65 years of age and having no spinal fractures or acute disc herniation;
Non-specific chronic low back group for pain a current VAS pain rating ≥4/10; and scoring at least 4 points on the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ),
The current use of tranquilizers or opioids, any visual or motor impairments (including dyslexia) or presentation with any neurological disease or significant mental illness;
Potential subjects if they have nerve symptoms below the knee;
Diagnosed chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, or other chronic widespread pain syndromes.
Severe comorbidities such as neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or rheumatologic conditions.
A total of forty-one individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain will be included in the NCLBP group (n = 41), and forty-one healthy individuals will be included in the healthy group (n = 41). All participants will be between 25 and 65 years of age.
Case-control
Cross-sectional
No intervention
Other interventionNo intervention applied, observational study.
Central sensitization levels
Central Sensitization levels will be assessed using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). The CSI consists of 25 items that evaluate somatic and emotional health-related symptoms commonly observed in conditions associated with central sensitization. Each item is rated on a 5-point temporal Likert scale with the following numerical options: Never (0), Rarely (1), Sometimes (2), Often (3), and Always (4). The total score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity (15).
Body awareness levels
Body awareness level will be assessed using the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FBAQ). The FBAQ is a questionnaire that assesses body awareness related to the low back. The questionnaire consists of nine questions. Each item is scored from 0 to 4. The FBFQ total score ranges from 0 to 36. Higher scores indicate greater disruption in low back-specific body awareness.
Tactile acuity of the lumbar region
Tactile acuity of the lumbar region will be assessed using the Two-Point Discrimination Test (TPDT) with a mechanical esthesiometer. The TPDT consists of three ascending and three descending series for the right and left sides. The TPDT score is calculated as the average of three ascending and three descending thresholds for each side. The right and left TPTD values are then averaged, and the left ascending and left descending values are then averaged. The right and left TPDT values are then averaged to obtain a total TPDT score representing the overall tactile acuity of the lumbar spine.Lower values indicate better tactile acuity.
Lumbar joint position sense
Lumbar joint position sense (LJPS) will be measured using with digital electrogoniometer. LJPS errors will be recorded in degrees during lumbar flexion, extension, and left and right lateral flexion movements, and these values will be used as an estimate of lumbar proprioceptive accuracy. Each test will be repeated three times, and the average of the three trials was used for analysis. Repositioning errors will be calculated as the difference between the actual angle and the target angle in degrees.Greater absolute repositioning errors demonstrate poorer lumbar position sense.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
This trial is not recruiting at the moment. You can still explore other options:
