The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to examine the effect of breathing exercises on compassion fatigue and work stress among emergency department nurses
Currently employed as an emergency department nurse.
No diagnosed psychiatric disorders.
No prior participation in breathing exercise programs.
Presence of respiratory system disease.
Physical conditions that prevent participation in breathing exercises.
Working outside the emergency department.
Parallel
Breathing Exercise Training
BehavioralParticipants in the experimental group will receive training on proper breathing techniques and breathing exercise methods. Each session will last 30-40 minutes. Sessions will be conducted twice a week for a total of 4 weeks.
usual care
Other interventionNo intervention will be applied. Participants in the control group will continue their usual routine.
Compassion Fatigue Score
The level of compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses will be assessed using the Compassion Fatigue Scale, a Likert-type instrument ranging from 1 ("Never") to 10 ("Very Often"). The scale includes two subdimensions: secondary traumatic stress and occupational burnout. Items C, E, H, K, and L assess secondary traumatic stress, while items A, B, D, F, G, I, and M assess occupational burnout. Total scores range from 13 to 130, with higher scores indicating greater levels of compassion fatigue.
Work Stress Score
Work-related stress among emergency nurses will be measured with the 34-item Nurse Work Stress Scale . The scale has seven subdimensions: uncertainty concerning treatment (items 1-8), workload (items 9-14), patient death (items 15-19), conflict with physicians (items 20-24), conflict with other nurses (items 25-29), inadequate support (items 30-32), and suffering patient (items 33-34). Items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1=Never, 2=Sometimes, 3=Often, 4=Very Often). Subdimension reliability ranges from α=0.65 to α=0.89. Total scores are summed; higher scores indicate higher work-related stress.
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