The Effect of Laughter Yoga in Beta Thalassaemia Major Patients: a Randomised Controlled Trial

The Chronic Disease Therapy-Functional Assessment of Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) Scale

The FACIT-Fatigue Scale will be used as the primary outcome measure. The Chronic Disease Therapy-Functional Assessment of Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) Scale is an old measure of fatigue based on classical test theory. The FACIT-Fatigue Scale consists of 13 statements measuring the fatigue experienced by patients in the last seven days. The statements in the scale consist of a Likert-type questionnaire scored between 0 and 4 and consist of 'Not at all', 'A little', 'A little', 'Quite a bit', 'Quite a lot' and 'Very much' options. The total score range of your scale is 0-52. The higher the scale score, the lower the patient's level of fatigue and vice versa. Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 in the scale are reverse scored, while items 7 and 8 are scored normally. It is reported that perceived fatigue is clinically severe if the score obtained from the scale is 30 and below. FACIT-F will be evaluated 2 times in total, at the beginning and at the end of the 6th week.

Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-42)

The scale is 4-point Likert type and consists of 3 sub-dimensions (depression, anxiety, stress). Each sub-dimension has 14 items and there are 42 items in total in the scale. Depression items (3, 5, 10, 13, 16, 17, 21, 21, 24, 26, 31, 34, 37, 38, 42) evaluate helplessness, worthlessness, discontent, loss of interest and low energy level. Anxiety items (2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 15, 19, 20, 23, 25, 28, 30, 36, 40, 41) measure the level of muscle response, autonomic arousal, subjective and situational anxiety. Stress items (1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, 18, 22, 27, 29, 32, 33, 35, 39) assess the level of discomfort, difficulty relaxing, overreacting, nervous arousal, intolerance, easy upset and boredom. Depression is divided into 5 categories as remission (0-9), mild (10-13), moderate (14-20), advanced (21-27) and very advanced (28-42); anxiety remission (0-7), mild (8-9), moderate (10-14), advanced (15-19) and very advanced (20-42) and stress remission (0-14), mild (15-18), moderate (19-25), advanced (26

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQS)

The scale includes 24 questions. Nineteen of these questions are self-assessment questions. Five questions are answered by the spouse or a friend of the individual. These five questions are used for clinical information and are not included in the scoring. Self-assessment questions include different factors related to sleep quality. The 18 scored items were grouped into 7 component scores. Some of the components consist of a single item, while others are obtained by grouping several items. Each item is evaluated with a score between 0 and 3.