The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the effect of whole-body electrostimulation with protein intake on muscle protein synthesis, muscle mass and function during bed rest in healthy young adults (18-35 years). The main questions to answer are:
* Does whole-body NMES followed by protein intake improve muscle protein synthesis rates during 3 days of bed rest? * Does repeated NMES sessions offer protective effects on muscle mass and function during extended periods of inactivity?
Researchers will compare sham electrical electrostimulation, electrical stimulation and electrical stimulation + protein groups to see if whole-body electrostimulation combined with protein intake offers the greatest improvement in muscle protein metabolism and muscle preservation.
Participants will:
* Undergo 3 days of bed rest while receiving one of the following interventions:
* Sham-NMES followed by standard nutrition (CON) * Whole-body NMES followed by standard nutrition(NMES) * Whole-body NMES followed by a bolus of 20g protein (NMES+PRO) * Receive heavy water (D2O) to assess body water turnover. * Undergo leg extension exercises to assess muscle function. * Have quadriceps muscle thickness measured via ultrasound. * Provide saliva samples for analysis. * Have calf circumference measured to monitor changes in muscle mass.
Aged from 18-35 years
18.5 < BMI < 30 kg·m2
Recreationally active (performing non-competitive physical exercise at least one time per week for minimally 30 minutes)
Employed or undertaking a thesis or internship at the department of Human and Animal Physiology at Wageningen University
Smoking
Diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, or genetic form of diabetes)
Any diagnosed cardiovascular (heart) disease or high blood pressure (≥140 mmHg systolic and/or
Parallel
Sham (No Treatment)
Other interventionA placebo treatment in which no actual electrical stimulation is delivered, serving as a control for the active NMES.
NMES
Other interventionActive neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied to the entire body to induce muscle contractions through small electric currents.
Protein bolus (20g)
Dietary supplementA bolus dose of 20 grams of protein provided after the NMES intervention to assess the combined effect of muscle stimulation and protein intake on muscle protein metabolism.
Standard nutrition
Other interventionProvision of a normal Western standardized diet.
Cumulative myofibrillar fractional synthesis rate
A measure of muscle protein synthesis between two given time points.
Quadriceps Muscle Layer Thickness
Assessed using ultrasound, this measures changes in muscle size, indicating muscle loss or preservation during bed rest and NMES intervention.
Body Composition
Evaluates muscle mass to determine overall changes.
Body composition
Evaluates fat distribution to determine overall changes.
Quadriceps Muscle Function
Assessed via a leg dynamometer.
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