This study investigates the impact of an 8-week ballet-based dance therapy on people with Parkinson's disease. It aims to assess the effect of ballet on motor and non-motor symptoms, such as balance, cognitive function, functional capacity, and quality of life. The study will provide insights into the potential of ballet therapy as an effective, non-pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease.
Age 18 years or older.
Diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.
Modified Hoehn and Yahr stages I to III.
Willingness to participate and provide informed consent.
Joint deformities or severe movement limitations that prevent participation in dance exercises.
Mental retardation (severe cognitive impairment).
Major surgery within the past 6 months.
Presence of uncontrolled cardiovascular, pulmonary, or oncological diseases.
Parallel
Ballet-Based Dance Therapy
BehavioralAn 8-week ballet-based dance therapy program designed to improve balance, flexibility, peripheral muscle strength, cognitive functions, and overall functional capacity in Parkinson's disease patients. The therapy will be conducted twice a week, with each session lasting approximately 60 minutes. The exercises will be adapted to the participants' physical abilities and will focus on enhancing motor coordination, strength, and stability through ballet-inspired movements.
Standard Care with Exercise Counseling
Other interventionParticipants in the control group will receive standard care for Parkinson's disease, including pharmacological management and routine clinical follow-up. Additionally, they will receive a one-time exercise counseling session and an informational brochure outlining general home-based exercises appropriate for individuals with Parkinson's disease. No supervised or structured exercise sessions will be conducted.
Functional Capacity
Functional capacity will be assessed using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) according to American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. The total distance walked will be recorded.
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV₁)
FEV₁ will be assessed using spirometry and reported in liters (L). FEV1 will be measured according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS).
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
FVC will be assessed using spirometry and reported in liters (L). FVC will be measured according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS).
Tiffeneau Index (FEV₁/FVC Ratio)
The ratio of FEV₁ to FVC will be calculated using spirometry and reported as a percentage (%).
Respiratory Muscle Strength
Respiratory muscle strength will be assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) using a digital mouth pressure device, in accordance with established respiratory assessment guidelines.
Balance
Balance performance will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System. Stability indices will be calculated to evaluate postural control and balance.
Cognitive Function
Cognitive function will be assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The MoCA is a 30-point scale ranging from 0 to 30, where higher scores indicate better cognitive performance.
Peripheral Muscle Strength
Peripheral muscle strength will be assessed using a hand-held dynamometer for major lower extremity muscle groups.
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