This study aims to examine the effects of breathing exercises administered to associate degree students on test anxiety and academic achievement.
Primary Research Question:
Do breathing exercises administered to associate degree students reduce test anxiety and improve academic achievement?
Researchers will compare the effects of breathing exercises on test anxiety and academic achievement by using a control group (no breathing exercise intervention) and an intervention group.
Participants:
All students from a vocational school who consent to participate will be administered the Westside Test Anxiety Scale.
Students with high anxiety scores will be assigned to the intervention group.
The intervention group will receive breathing exercise training delivered by a certified Breathing Coach (the researcher).
Breathing exercises will be conducted for 40 minutes per week, over a 6-week period.
Students will be asked to maintain a breathing exercise log.
Following the end-of-term examinations, data collection forms will be re-administered and results will be compared between pre- and post-intervention assessments.
Vocational school students
Obtaining informed consent from students
No language, hearing, intellectual, or psychological impairments
Ability to speak and understand Turkish
Presence of any chronic disease
Use of any psychiatric medication
Parallel
Breathing Exercise Intervention
BehavioralParticipants will receive guided breathing exercise training conducted by a certified breathing coach. The intervention consists of weekly 40-minute sessions over a 6-week period, aimed at reducing test anxiety and improving academic performance. Participants will also maintain a breathing exercise log throughout the study.
Change in Test Anxiety Scores as measured by the Westside Test Anxiety Scale (WTAS)
The Westside Test Anxiety Scale (WTAS) will be administered to all students who volunteer to participate in the study. Students with scores one point above the mean or higher will be considered to have high test anxiety. Those identified as having high anxiety will be randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive breathing exercises once per week for 45 minutes over a period of 8 weeks, in addition to receiving information about test anxiety and coping strategies. Breathing exercises, such as the 4-4-4-4 technique and the 4-7-8 technique, will be taught and practiced with the students.
End-of-Term Course Exam Score (%)
Academic performance will be evaluated using the official end-of-term course exam score reported by the institution (0-100%). The outcome will be summarized as the mean score at Week 8 and between-group difference.
Adherence to Breathing Exercise Intervention (% of Planned Sessions Attended)
For students in the intervention group, adherence to the breathing exercise program will be calculated as the percentage of scheduled sessions attended. A total of 8 sessions, once per week for 45 minutes, will be offered. The mean attendance rate and distribution across participants will be reported.
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