This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of an 8-week intradialytic aerobic exercise program on clinical parameters, disease adaptation, and perceived exercise benefits and barriers in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving supervised aerobic exercise during hemodialysis sessions or a control group receiving routine hemodialysis care. Aerobic exercise will be performed three times per week during hemodialysis for eight weeks. Exercise intensity will be individually adjusted according to the participant's subjective fatigue level using the 20-point Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale, targeting an intensity of 11-13 ("light to somewhat hard"). Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention using validated clinical measurements and patient-reported outcome measures.
Having received hemodialysis treatment for 4 hours a day, 3 days a week, for at least 3 months.
Having a history of myocardial infarction within the last 3 months
Having angina pectoris or uncontrolled arrhythmia and uncontrolled hypertension
Having communication or cognitive problems to the extent that one cannot complete the required tests
Being pregnant or undergoing infertility treatment