Studies have shown that up to 80% of patients experience postoperative pain following laparoscopic surgery due to inflammation caused by surgical incisions and surrounding tissues, necessitating pharmacological relief. Inflammatory mediators released from the soft tissues around laparoscopic incisions not only significantly alters the chemical microenvironment at the peripheral terminals of nociceptors, directly inducing pain, but also sensitizes afferent fibers, contributing to peripheral sensitization.
The investigators conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled clinical study to explore the use of Loxoprofen Sodium Patch for preoperative local incision analgesia in laparoscopic surgery patients. The investigators aim to observe whether this method can effectively alleviate postoperative incision pain, reduce the dosage of postoperative analgesics and the side effects caused using postoperative analgesics, improve patient satisfaction, and provide new ideas for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic surgery patients, promoting rapid recovery after laparoscopic surgery.
Patients scheduled for elective Laparoscopic Surgery for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy, or hernia repair under general anesthesia;
Ages 18 to 64 years old
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-III
Patients must be able to understand the nature and potential personal consequences of the clinical trial and cooperate with follow-up investigations
History of chronic pain syndrome of any cause and mental illness
Excessive alcohol or drug abuse, chronic opioid use (more than 2 weeks or 3 days per week for more than 1 month), use of drugs with confirmed or suspected sedative or analgesic effects, or use of any painkiller within 24 h before surgery.
History of hypertension (Grade 3, extremely high risk)
Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Parallel
Loxoprofen Sodium Patch on the contralateral side
DrugApply Loxoprofen Sodium Patch on the contralateral side of the incision in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery 12 hours before surgery.
Loxoprofen Sodium Patch on the incision site
DrugApply Loxoprofen Sodium Patch on the incision site of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery 12 hours before surgery
Intravenous Morphine Equivalents of Rescue Analgesic Medications Within 48 Hours Postoperatively
Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Numeric Rating Scale at rest (NRSr) Within 0-72 Hours Postoperatively
scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain
Area under the curve (AUC) of the Numerical Rating Scale during movement (NRSm) within 0-72 hours postoperatively
The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) designates 0 as representing no pain and 10 as representing the most severe pain, scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain.
Numeric Rating Scale at rest (NRSr) at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively
The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) designates 0 as representing no pain and 10 as representing the most severe pain; scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain.
Patient Satisfaction Scale(PSS)
Patient Satisfaction Scale(PSS) on a scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 denotes "completely dissatisfied" and 10 signifies "extremely satisfied."
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