The Feasibility of the OpiVenture Program for Clients Undergoing Opioid Agonist Therapy

Number of substance-using days

This outcome will be measured by self-report data collected via timeline-follow back (TLFB) assessment which uses a calendar to examine substance use in detail for each day in the past 30, starting with the most recent event

Retention of participants in the Opioid Agonist Therapy Program

If a client is not available for a 1- or 4-month follow-up assessment, we will check with the clinic's database to determine if this client is still receiving OAT services at the clinic. If they are no longer receiving OAT services, they will be defined as an OAT dropout for the purposes of retention analyses

Changes in mental health of study participants

Using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), we will measure changes in depression, anxiety and stress over time. The DASS-21 is the short form of the DASS-42, a self-report scale designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. The minimum and maximum values for each subscale are as follows: depression (0-21), anxiety (0-21), and stress (0-21). Higher scores indicate greater severity of symptoms.

The risky, impulsive, and self-destructive behaviors

To measures risky, impulsive, and self-destructive behaviors, we will use the 38-item The Risky, Impulsive, \& Self-destructive behavior Questionnaire (RISQ). The RISQ is a self-report questionnaire that assesses a wide range of behaviors, including substance use, aggression, and self-harm. The scale has a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 114, with higher scores indicating more risky, impulsive, and self-destructive behaviors.

Motives for substance use questionnaire

To measure clients' motives for substance, we will use the Substance Use Motives Measure (SUMM). The SUMM is an eight-factor model that identifies eight motives for alcohol and substance use: Enhancement, Social, Conformity, Anxiety-Coping, Depression-Coping, Boredom-Coping, Self expansion, and Performance. Higher scores on the SUMM indicate a greater endorsement of the motives for substance use.

Participants' changes in subjective pain

Subjective pain will be measured by Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire II (SF-MPQ-II) and enhanced Chronic Pain Questionnaire (eCPQ) . The SF-MPQ-II is a shorter version of the original McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and assesses the major symptoms of both neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain. It includes 22 items with 0-10 numerical response options. Higher scores on the SF-MPQ-II indicate a greater intensity of pain, while higher scores on the eCPQ indicate a greater impact of chronic pain on an individual's life

Socio-Demographic Questionnaire.

We will collect sociodemographic data including age, sex, gender identity, ethnicity, socio-economic status, living circumstances, relationship status, education and Opioid Agonist Therapy history including current type of Opioid Agonist Therapy and dose, clinic, pain

Personality Traits

Personality will be assessed with the reliable and valid 23-item Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS). The SURPS has 4 subscales which each tap one personality factor in the 4-factor model . Comparisons of respondents' scores on these measures relative to norms will be used for selection into OpiVenture and for assignment to a specific intervention (i.e., Anxiety Sensitivity, Hopelessness, impulsivity, or Sensation-seeking).Higher scores on the SURPS subscales indicate a higher likelihood of substance use.