This study is a real-world, prospective clinical cohort study. It will enroll Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim is to assess the changes in aging biomarkers, primarily DunedinPACE, from baseline to post-remission, and to compare these biomarkers between patients who achieve successful remission and those who do not.
Age 35 to 70 years.
Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to WHO criteria, with disease duration ≤6 years.
HbA1c between 7.0% and 9.5%, OR currently on glucose-lowering medications.
Fasting C-peptide ≥1.0 ng/mL.
Diabetes mellitus secondary to other causes (e.g., Cushing's syndrome, hypothyroidism, glucagonoma, drug-induced, or genetic factors).
BMI <25 kg/m² or >45 kg/m²; weight loss >5% within the last 3 months; actively trying to lose weight within the last 3 months; use of weight-loss agents, contraceptives, glucocorticoids, or any medication other than antidiabetic drugs that may affect study outcome measurements within the last 3 months; history of bariatric surgery.
Type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes duration >10 years; gestational diabetes; other specific types of diabetes.
Diagnosis of acute metabolic diabetic complications (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state) or diabetes insipidus within 30 days, or history thereof.