The traditional view holds that the natural course of cirrhosis is a unidirectional process, characterized by irreversible progression from the compensated stage to the decompensated stage, and is highly likely to develop further decompensation events or even death. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that the natural course of cirrhosis is not always unidirectional - after the removal of the etiology, the structural and functional changes of the liver may be partially reversed. This understanding has given rise to the concept of "liver recompensation," which has been standardized at the Baveno VII Consensus Conference. Notably, in a cohort of patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis, 18% achieved recompensation, which was significantly associated with a reduction of more than 90% in liver-related mortality. In patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis, 6% achieved recompensation after treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogs, with a similar improvement in mortality.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a well-established therapy for complications related to portal hypertension, including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, refractory ascites, and hepatic hydrothorax. Compared with standard treatment, TIPS has been proven to reduce the incidence of further decompensation and improve transplant-free survival. However, due to portal blood shunting, the risks of abnormal liver function and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) also increase. It is worth noting that TIPS is not included in the definition of recompensation in the Baveno VII Consensus. Therefore, whether patients with cirrhosis who undergo TIPS treatment can achieve recompensation and which factors determine the probability of recompensation remain unknown. More importantly, the impact of recompensation on the risk of HCC development and mortality in TIPS patients has not been studied prospectively.
Age between 18 and 80 years old;
Diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis (diagnostic criteria: positive liver histopathological examination, or comprehensive judgment based on clinical symptoms, biochemical indicators and imaging features);
The etiology of liver cirrhosis is intervenable (including hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), etc.);
Patients with indications for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension, such as those with cirrhotic portal hypertension-related esophagogastric variceal bleeding refractory to endoscopic treatment, and patients with refractory ascites caused by cirrhotic portal hypertension;
Compensated liver cirrhosis at the time of TIPS treatment (without decompensated events such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or esophagogastric variceal bleeding);
TIPS performed for the treatment of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (e.g., idiopathic portal hypertension, Budd-Chiari syndrome, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, etc.);
Patients complicated with malignant tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), renal cell carcinoma, or lung cancer prior to TIPS;
Patients with severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score > 18;
The study population of this research consists of patients with decompensated cirrhotic portal hypertension who meet the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and undergo transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) treatment.
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
1-year post-TIPS recompensation rate
It refers to the proportion of patients who meet the standardized recompensation criteria (etiology cure, resolution of decompensation events and sustained improvement of liver function) at 12 months after TIPS.
Identification of factors associated with recompensation at 1 year after TIPS
It refers to the screening and confirmation of potential factors that may affect whether patients achieve recompensation at 1 year after TIPS. Cox Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis will be used to identify independent factors associated with recompensation, providing a basis for individualized intervention strategies to improve the recompensation rate of TIPS patients.
Impact of recompensation on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development
It refers to the comparison of the incidence of HCC between the recompensation group and the non-recompensation group during the follow-up period after TIPS surgery.
Impact of recompensation after Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt on patients' risk of death
At 12 months after Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS), patients were divided into the recompensation group and the non-recompensation group based on whether they met the recompensation criteria, and the Log-rank test was used to analyze the differences in survival outcomes between the two groups.
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Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Lead sponsor
Zhongnan Hospital
Collaborator
Yichang Central People's Hospital
Collaborator
Jingzhou Central Hospital
Collaborator
Xiangyang Central Hospital
Collaborator
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hopital
Collaborator
The Central Hospital of Huanggang
Collaborator
Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Collaborator
Shengjing Hospital
Collaborator
The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
Collaborator
Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
Collaborator
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Collaborator
The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Collaborator
Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
Collaborator
Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
Collaborator
