Background A predictive model for post radiofrequency ablation (RFA) recurrence in patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that incorporates variables like sleep quality and psychological factors can provide more time to prevent the recurrence. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between these factors and post-RFA recurrence, and to construct a predictive model includes these highly preventable factors.
Methods We collected data from HCC patients who underwent RFA for the first time from January 1, 2015, to July 2023, assessing their sleep quality, anxiety, and depression levels. We employed Restricted cubic splines (RCS), mediation analysis, Cox proportional hazards model, Elastic network Cox proportional hazards, Competitive risk model to ascertain the relationship between these factors and post-RFA recurrence. We then constructed a predictive model incorporating these factors, and evaluated the model's performance through internal and external validation datasets partitioning by time period.
① Diagnosed as primary HCC according to the diagnostic criteria for primary liver cancer in China; ② Either a solitary tumor with a diameter less than 5 cm or 2-3 tumors each with a maximum diameter less than 3 cm; ③ RFA as the initial treatment; ④ Agreed to participate in the study and submitted the completed questionnaire survey; ⑤ A follow-up period exceeding 6 months after ablation.
① Vascular invasion or extrahepatic metastasis before ablation; ② Presence of intractable ascites or hepatic encephalopathy; ③ Severe hepatic and renal dysfunction or other substantial organ disorders; ④ Active infections before or after ablation; ⑤ A history of other malignancies; ⑥ Failure to submit a completed questionnaire survey; ⑦ Lost to follow-up before reaching an outcome.
We identified candidate predictor variables associated with the risk of post-RFA recurrence of HCC patients in clinical or epidemiological literature combined with expert opinion.
Cohort
Retrospective
Not listed
The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)24 was used to investigate the anxiety levels of patients
It consists of 20 questions, and the sum of all responses represents the raw total score. The raw total score is multiplied by 1.5 to obtain the standard total score. A standard total score of ≥50 is used to diagnose anxiety. The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)25 was used to assess the depression levels of patients. It also consists of 20 questions, and the sum of all responses represents the raw total score. Similar to the SAS, the raw total score is multiplied by 1.5 to obtain the standard total score. A standard total score of ≥53 is used for diagnosing depression.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
Tian'an Jiang
Lead sponsor
First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
Sponsor institution
