A randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the short and long term outcomes of transanal endoscopic microsurgery following radiotherapy or total mesorectal excision for the treatment of Rectal Cancer
Age between 18 and 75 years.
Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma by preoperative biopsy.
Tumor located within 4 cm from the anal verge, confirmed by at least one of the following methods: digital rectal examination, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or colonoscopy.
Tumor size ≤3 cm, without fixation and with preserved mobility on clinical examination.
History of other malignant tumors within the past 5 years.
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or signet ring cell carcinoma confirmed by pathological examination.
Multiple primary colorectal tumors.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women.