This study is a one-time, questionnaire-based survey of adults attending a urology outpatient clinic. The investigators will examine whether patients who use AI chat tools based on large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, before seeking care differ from non-users in (1) anxiety, (2) satisfaction with the clinic visit, and (3) awareness/understanding of their health condition.
Participants who provide written informed consent will complete a brief survey during their clinic visit (about 5-7 minutes). The survey includes a standardized anxiety scale (GAD-7), visual analog scales (0-10) for anxiety before and after the visit, satisfaction, and disease awareness, as well as questions about AI/LLM knowledge and use. Treating clinicians will not have access to participants' survey responses, and participation will not affect clinical care.
Age 18 years or older
First-time visit to the Urology Outpatient Clinic
Able to read and write and complete the questionnaire independently
Able to provide written informed consent
Age under 18 years
Insufficient literacy to understand and complete the questionnaire
Severe hearing or visual impairment, or a neurological/psychiatric condition that prevents understanding and completing the survey
Refusal or inability to provide informed consent
Adult patients (≥18 years) presenting for a first-time visit to the Urology Outpatient Clinic at Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital will be invited to participate during a 2-month recruitment period. Participants who provide written informed consent and can complete a brief questionnaire independently will be enrolled. The study will include both sexes and a broad range of urologic presenting complaints.
Case-control
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Pre-visit Anxiety (VAS 0-10)
Self-rated anxiety on a 0-10 visual analog scale (VAS), where 0 indicates no anxiety and 10 indicates the highest possible anxiety. This measure reflects visit-related state anxiety prior to clinician encounter.
Post-visit Anxiety (VAS 0-10)
Self-rated anxiety on a 0-10 VAS (0 = none, 10 = highest).
Visit Satisfaction (VAS 0-10)
Self-rated satisfaction with the outpatient visit on a 0-10 VAS (0 = not satisfied at all, 10 = maximum satisfaction).
Disease Awareness/Understanding (VAS 0-10)
Self-rated awareness/understanding of one's condition on a 0-10 VAS (0 = none, 10 = complete).
Baseline General Anxiety Symptoms (GAD-7 Total Score)
Total score on the 7-item GAD-7 questionnaire (range 0-21; higher scores indicate greater generalized anxiety symptoms). This measure will be used to account for baseline anxiety (trait-like symptoms) and to adjust analyses of VAS-based state anxiety out
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