Type D Personality and Life Satisfaction in Bipolar Disorder Type 2 and Major Depressive Disorder
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot listed
Trial typeObservational
Biological sexAll
Age18+
SponsorElazığ Mental Health and Diseases Hospital
About this trial
Bipolar Disorder Type II (BD-II) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are common mood disorders associated with substantial psychological distress, impaired functioning, and reduced quality of life. BD-II is characterized by recurrent major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, whereas MDD is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes without a history of mania or hypomania. Both disorders have a significant genetic component, and family studies suggest that first-degree relatives may exhibit subclinical affective traits, personality characteristics, and psychosocial vulnerabilities related to these conditions. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine Type D personality traits and life satisfaction among patients with BD-II and MDD and parents of patients. The study recruited/will recruit 30 patients with BD-II; 30 patients with MDD; 30 healthy control subjects; mothers and/or fathers of 30 healthy control subjects, mothers and/or fathers of 30 patients with BD-II, and mothers and/or fathers of 30 patients with MDD who are in remission and receiving follow-up care at the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Turkey (By Dilek ÖRÜM -Associate Professor of Psychiatry, [email protected]). Sociodemographic characteristics, Type D personality traits, general psychiatric symptoms, and life satisfaction assessed/will be assessed using validated self-report measures, including the Type D Personality Scale (DS14), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Adult Life Satisfaction Scale (ALSS).
The primary objective was/is to compare Type D personality characteristics and life satisfaction levels between patients with MDD and BD-II and between their parents. Secondary objectives included/include investigating the associations between Type D personality traits, psychiatric symptom severity, and life satisfaction. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of familial psychological characteristics associated with mood disorders and may help identify potential psychosocial targets for preventive and supportive interventions among family members of affected individuals.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Diagnosis of BD-II according to DSM-5-TR
Remission period
Age ≥ 18 years
Provided informed consent
Disqualifiers
Hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
Chronic kidney disease
Rheumatoid arthritis
Trial population
The study population consisted of adult participants aged above 18 years. The bipolar disorder type II (BD-II) group included consecutive patients diagnosed with BD-II and the major depressive disorder (MDD) group included consecutive patients diagnosed with MDD according to DSM-5-TR criteria who were admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital (Turkey). The healthy control (HC) group consisted of individuals from the general population who applied to the hospital medical board and had no current or past psychiatric or significant medical disorders. Psychiatrically healthy mothers and/or fathers of members of the BD-II, MDD, and HC groups were also included in the study. All participants provided informed consent prior to enrollment.
Trial design
Design model
Case-control
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Treatments tested in this trial
Not listed
Trial groups
180 Participants
are grouped into 6 trial groups6
Trial groupsSee each trial group below.
Group A: Bipolar Disorder Type II (BD-II)
Group B: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Group C: Healthy Control (HC)
Group D: Healthy Father and/or Mother of Bipolar Disorder Type II (BD-II) Participant
Group E: Healthy Father and/or Mother of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Participant
Group F: Healthy Father and/or Mother of Healthy Control (HC) Participant
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Type D Personality Scale (DS14)
The Type D Personality Scale (DS14) was developed by Denollet in 2005. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version among Turkish hemodialysis patients were established by Alçelik et al. The DS14 is a 14-item self-report instrument consisting of two 7-item subscales that assess Negative Affectivity (NA) (items 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 13) and Social Inhibition (SI) (items 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 11, and 14). Items 1 and 3 are reverse scored. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 ("false") to 4 ("true"), with the intermediate response options being "rather false," "neutral," and "rather true." Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 28, and a score of ≥10 on each subscale is considered the established cutoff value. In the Turkish validation study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.82 for the Negative Affectivity subscale and 0.81 for the Social Inhibition subscale. The test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.84 and 0.78, respectively.
Time frame
At hospital admission (baseline)Secondary outcomes
1
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)
The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is an 18-item Likert-type clinician-administered instrument with established validity and reliability in Turkish. It is used to assess the severity of psychiatric symptoms following a brief clinical interview and to evaluate treatment response over time. Higher scores indicate greater psychiatric symptom severity. The BPRS is widely used to measure the severity and changes in psychotic symptoms, as well as certain depressive symptoms, in individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychotic disorders, and to assess the effectiveness of psychiatric treatment.
Time frame
At hospital admission (baseline)2
Adult Life Satisfaction Scale (ALSS)
The Adult Life Satisfaction Scale (ALSS) is a 21-item self-report instrument developed within the Turkish cultural context to assess life satisfaction in adults. The scale uses a 5-point Likert-type response format and comprises five dimensions: general life satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, self-satisfaction, satisfaction with the social environment, and job satisfaction. Total scores range from 21 to 105, with higher scores indicating greater perceived life satisfaction and more positive evaluations of one's own life. In the present study, the overall internal consistency of the ALSS was high, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87.
Time frame
At hospital admission (baseline)Sponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov