This study aims to investigate the efficacy and prognosis of ultrasound-guided and gene-based microwave ablation (MWA) versus surgical treatment in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). By analyzing genetic testing results, the study explores the impact of genetic mutations on treatment selection for low-risk patients, providing more precise molecular biological evidence for treatment choices and prognosis evaluation of thyroid cancer. This prospective study collects clinical data from patients diagnosed with PTC at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2022 and November 2024, who underwent genetic testing prior to treatment, and assesses efficacy and complications through long-term follow-up.
PTC confirmed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA);
Confirmed low-risk mutation types by next-generation sequencing (NGS) before surgery;
No severe functional diseases, such as heart failure, severe respiratory diseases, or renal failure;
Availability of complete follow-up data.
No local or distant metastasis assessed by imaging evaluations, including ultrasound or computed tomography (CT);
Lacking of preoperative genetic testing or inability to assess genetic test results;
Inability to complete follow-up or lost to follow-up during the study.
Maximum tumor diameter ≤1 cm;
The study population includes patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital from January 2022 to November 2024. A total of 201 patients were prospectively enrolled in this study.
Cohort
Other
Ablation
Procedure/SurgeryThyroid ablation performed under ultrasound guidance to treat low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Disease progression
The primary endpoint was disease progression, defined as: (1) local recurrence or cervical lymph node metastasis confirmed by FNA; (2) Distant organ metastasis; (3) Death due to tumor progression.
Complications
Such as permanent or transient hypoparathyroidism, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, postoperative hypertension, infection, fever, pain, and nausea or vomiting. Permanent hypoparathyroidism was defined as the need for calcium or vitamin D supplementation beyond six months, while transient hypoparathyroidism indicated recovery within six months. Permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was defined as persistent voice changes beyond six months, while transient injury indicated recovery within six months.
Treatment costs
Including preoperative tests and treatment costs
Time of hospital stay
The total duration of hospital stay from admission to discharge.
Operative time
Time from the start of surgery to the completion of surgery.
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Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
Lead sponsor
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Collaborator
Guangzhou Science and Technology Innovation Commission,China
Collaborator
