The goal of this observational study is to compare two lung ultrasound protocols for assessing lung function in patients with acute respiratory insufficiency treated in intensive care units.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
1\. Is there a statistically significant difference between the established Baciarello (name of author) ultrasound protocol (12-point examination) and a new, abbreviated local ultrasound protocol (6-point examination) for assessing lung function? 2. Do the scoring systems of both protocols correlate with each other and with treatment outcomes in critically ill patients? Researchers will compare the Baciarello protocol (assessing 12 fields-6 per side of the body to a new abbreviated local protocol (assessing 6 fields-3 per side of the body) to see if both protocols provide same diagnostic and prognostic information for evaluating lung pathology and patient outcomes.
Participants will:
Undergo lung ultrasound assessment using both protocols Have their ultrasound findings scored according to each protocol's point system (0-36 for Baciarello; 0-18 for the new abbreviated protocol) Have their arterial blood gas values recorded (pH, PaCO2, PaO2, oxygen saturation) Be monitored for clinical outcomes including mechanical ventilation requirements and hospital mortality
Adult patients aged ≥18 years
Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Susak
Diagnosed with acute respiratory insufficiency
Technical inability to perform a lung ultrasound due to patient positioning or other technical reasons
Morbid obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m²)
Serious chest trauma that would compromise assessment
Lung pathology that impairs ultrasound visualisation of the desired examination regions
Patients diagnosed with acute respiratory insufficiency requiring advanced respiratory support who are admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Susak will be enrolled in this prospective study.
Cohort
Prospective
Abbreviated Lung Ultrasound Protocol
Diagnostic testThis intervention uses only 6 examination points (3 per hemithorax) compared to the established Baciarello protocol's 12 points. This represents a 50% reduction in examination sites while preserving comprehensive regional coverage. Standardised Anatomical Positioning Examination is performed at the level of the nipple or 4th intercostal space in the midclavicular line, then proceeds horizontally toward the posterior regions. This precise anatomical landmark standardises probe placement and differs from protocols using multiple horizontal levels. The protocol employs a 0-18 point scoring scale (0-3 points per field) versus the Baciarello protocol's 0-36 scale.
Equivalence of 6-point abbreviated and 12-point Baciarello lung ultrasound protocols in assessing lung function
Need for mechanical ventilation
In-hospital mortality
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