The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the reproducibility of new 3D/4D ultrasound volume analysis techniques in the assessment of anal sphincter integrity and thickness in both pregnancy and immediate postpartum.
The negative impact that OASISs (Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries), and possible subsequent anal incontinence, have on women's quality of life has stimulated research in this field in recent decades. However, there are still few studies concerning the topic. The transperineal approach by means of the transvaginal probe in the study of the pelvic floor, anal sphincter and related lesions has helped us to make strides in our knowledge of the anatomy of the pelvic floor and in defining the lesions that may affect it.
Pregnant nulliparous or primiparous women;
Age between 18 and 44 years
Acquisition of informed consent form
None
Nulliparous and primiparous pregnant women. Participants will be enrolled at the Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Age Medicine (IRCCS - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S. Orsola). Participants will be enrolled during the obstetrical visit or during hospitalization or during visits in the postpartum period.
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)
Bland-Altman analysis
Presence of a systematic difference between the various measures taken by different operators
Bland-Altman analysis
Dispersion of the differences between the measures taken by two different operators and the two measures taken by the same operator around the mean of the respective differences.
Bland-Altman analysis
Percentage of volumes acquired in which measurement of the external anal sphincter will be feasible
New analysis techniques: curvilinear reconstruction of the coronal plane of the anal sphincter combined with contrast enhancement technique.
Correlation between anal sphincter thickness and the presence of symptoms related to rectal incontinence
Comparison of anal sphincter thickness between women with and without exintent signs of rectal incontinence at postpartum visit
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