Overweight and obesity are defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat that affects health. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2022, there were 2.5 billion adults aged 18 years and older who were overweight, of whom 890 million were obese. In other words, 43% of adults aged 18 years and older were overweight, and 16% of them were obese.
Overweight and obesity are key risk factors for various chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and even some types of cancer. There is evidence that mortality from cardiovascular disease, and the incidence of cancer and diabetes, varies according to the amount of physical activity. In the context of high levels of sedentary time, higher levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity are recommended. There are various ways to treat overweight and obesity, the main ones usually being lifestyle changes, such as following a healthy diet and regular physical activity, as well as following pharmacological treatments. In this project, the focus will be on the fat metabolism generated during moderate physical activity.
There are physical activity interventions aimed at increasing fat metabolism that may potentially reduce the symptoms of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, it is important to understand the factors that increase or decrease fat oxidation. Factors such as exercise intensity and duration are important to understand when determining maximum fat oxidation (FatMax).
The aim is to develop comprehensive research that will generate knowledge and evidence on health issues with social impact through the evaluation of commercial technologies and innovative actions that promote the prevention, treatment, and resolution of national health problems such as obesity.
Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2
Energy expenditure < 600 METs a week
Acceptance of informed consent
≥100 mL of alcohol consumption per week
Have limitations to perform regular physical activity
Have a chronic non-communicable disease
Answer "yes" to any of the questions on the Physical Activity Readiness-Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+), which represents a health risk.
Sedentary young adults aged between 18 and 35 years, all of whom will have a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Participants will be recruited through snowball sampling.
Case-only
Prospective
Not listed
Heart rate at maximal fat oxidation
Gas exchange and heart rate will be recorded throughout the exercise tests, while the rate of perceived exertion will be registered at the end of each stage using the modified Borg scale with a 0-10 rating. The average VO2 and VCO2 values of the last 2 min of each stage before RER ≥ 1.0 will be used to calculate fat and carbohydrate oxidation using the stoichiometric equations of Jeukendrup and Wallis. The maximum rate of fat oxidation and its corresponding intensity during exercise will be determined by mathematical modeling of fat oxidation kinetics, plotted against oxygen consumption (% VO2max). The symmetry, amplitude, and translation parameters of the curve will be calculated as well to represent the oxidative capacity of each subject.
Resting heart rate
Resting heart rate of participants using 10 different heart rate monitors
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