Rising life expectancy worldwide challenges public health due to increased cardiovascular disease linked to vascular aging, where microvascular dysfunction serves as an early indicator of system-wide inflammation, or "inflammaging". The proposed study aims to validate non-invasive, high-resolution techniques, such as Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging, to identify early endothelial senescence biomarkers and map their correlation with metabolic, inflammatory, and anthropometric profiles to advance personalized, preventive translational medicine.
Absence of symptoms and history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Baseline blood pressure levels within the normal range (< 140/90 mmHg, according to WHO criteria) and absence of use of antihypertensive medications.
Diabetes Mellitus: Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or use of hypoglycemic agents.
Smoking: Active or quit less than 5 years ago.
Inflammatory Diseases: Autoimmune diseases, active neoplasms, or acute infectious processes.
Surgery or trauma in the last 60 days.
An observational, cross-sectional study will be conducted, including volunteers aged ≥ 60 years, divided into two groups: elderly (60-80 years) and very elderly (\>80). Young volunteers aged between 20 and 40 years, already participants in previous studies, whose demographic and microcirculation data are in the research laboratory's database, will be included as controls. Data from the control group will be obtained from an institutional database, respecting confidentiality and anonymization, in accordance with current ethical standards.
Cohort
Prospective
Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging
Diagnostic testInvestigation of Systemic Endothelial Microvascular Function
Handgrip Dynamometry (Muscle Strength)
Diagnostic testServing as a marker of systemic muscle strength and sarcopenia.
Sit-to-Stand Test (5-Times Sit-to-Stand - 5STS)
Diagnostic testThis test will assess the strength and power of the lower limbs.
Single-Leg Balance Test
Diagnostic testFailure to maintain the position (to stand on one leg) for at least 10 seconds will be correlated as a marker of frailty and risk of falls.
Assessment of Global Cognitive Function
Diagnostic testOverall cognitive function will be assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination.
Systemic (cutaneous) microcirculatory reactivity.
To analyze structural and functional changes in the microcirculation in different ages groups, with emphasis on microvascular endothelial senescence.
Muscle Strength
Handgrip Dynamometry Maximum isometric strength will be assessed using a manual hydraulic dynamometer.
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