Our research team is committed to improving the quality of physical education in China. Based on the needs of teachers and sports coaches in China, we designed and implemented the 'MASTER Framework' as a theoretical framework to guide the design and delivery of PE and sports. This framework aims to help PE teachers learn about and develop the critical skills needed to create a positive teaching environment and facilitate effective PE class delivery using a games-based approach (GBA).
Only participants providing signed consent were eligible to participate in the study and complete the teacher, student or parent questionnaire.
without an illness or injury that would preclude them from participating in physical activity.
Parallel
Intervention
BehavioralPhase 1 MASTER Coach Development Workshop (weeks 1) PE teachers participated in a 6-hour theory and practical teacher education workshop to a research team (JY) member, including 4h of reading relevant papers and books regarding the game-based approach (GBA) . Phase 2 Eight weeks of teaching mentoring (weeks 2-7) This 8-week phase involved coaches implementing MASTER elements (e.g. 10-minute stretching before a sports game, teachers will give 1-2 sentences of praise during the game for individual students who make a reasonable effort) in their regular training sessions. Phase 3 3 weeks peer assessed teaching/discussions (weeks 8-10) The mentor prepared and implement a 2-h training session designed to highlight important aspects of the MASTER framework and games-based coaching practices.
PE teacher Confidence and Competence
PE Teacher questionnaire: PE teachers will be also asked to complete a purpose-designed questionnaire collecting 1) Confidence to teach basketball; 2) Competence to teach basketball. The teachers' Confidence to teach basketball and Competence to teach basketball will be analysed together as a composite outcome.
Student assessments
Students' game skills (assessed at Basketball lesson): Video analysis of decision-making, and attacking and defensive play will be conducted using a previously validated game performance assessment instrument (Miller et al., 2015). These skills are deemed essential for success in invasion games (including basketball) and are skills utilised by all players on the court (irrespective of position played).
Student perceptions
Student assessments: Enjoyment of Sport (Basketball Lesson). It will be using an adapted version of the Physical Activity Children's Enjoyment.
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