About this trial
This study evaluates the effectiveness of wearable biofeedback devices in improving pain, mobility, and rehabilitation outcomes in elderly patients with arthritis and fibromyalgia in Karachi, Pakistan. In a randomized controlled trial involving 120 participants, one group will use biofeedback-integrated devices with guided exercises and virtual consultations, while the control group receives standard physiotherapy. The results will inform the potential of digital health solutions to improve accessibility and outcomes in remote rehabilitation for chronic pain management.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
None
Disqualifiers
None
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Wearable Biofeedback + Virtual Physiotherapy
Other interventionParticipants will use wearable devices designed to monitor physiological parameters and provide real-time feedback during exercises. The intervention includes remote guidance from physiotherapists via virtual consultations.
Standard Physiotherapy Exercises
Other interventionParticipants will be given printed or video instructions for standard physiotherapy exercises commonly used for arthritis and fibromyalgia management, without any digital monitoring or remote guidance.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Pain Intensity (VAS Score)
Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 10-cm horizontal line where participants mark their perceived pain level from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain).
Functional Mobility (Timed Up and Go Test)
Functional mobility will be assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. Participants will be timed as they rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, return, and sit down again.
Range of Motion (Goniometry)
Joint range of motion will be measured using a goniometer to assess changes in movement capacity of affected joints (e.g., knees, shoulders).
Secondary outcomes
Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
HRV will be evaluated using time-domain (e.g., RMSSD) and frequency-domain (e.g., LF/HF ratio) metrics recorded by wearable devices.
Patient Adherence
Adherence to prescribed exercises will be monitored through device usage logs, measuring frequency and duration of engagement with the intervention.
Change in Depression Severity (Beck Depression Inventory Score)
The BDI score ranges from 0 to 63. Higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.
System Usability and Patient Satisfaction
The SUS consists of 10 items, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale (from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree). The total score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates better usability and user satisfaction.
Sponsors and contacts
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University of Karachi
Lead sponsor
Advanced Education & Research Center
Collaborator
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