To examine the effects of twice daily whey protein consumption on blood glucose and insulin in pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals
Males and females ages 50-70 years.
Body mass index between 25-45 kg/m2
Capable of providing informed consent.
COVID-19 negative and/or asymptomatic.
Subject who does not/will not eat dairy protein sources.
Subjects taking exogenous insulin injections or GLP /GIP injections or other appetite suppressants.
Unwilling to keep a detailed 7 day food journal on two occasions
Unwilling to wear a CGM for 7 days on two occasions and share the data with the research team.
Crossover
Whey Protein Isolate Crossover
Dietary supplementThis crossover intervention includes 1 week of whey protein isolate supplementation and 1 week of placebo supplementation.
Placebo
Dietary supplement1 week of Non-whey protein Placebo supplement
Whole body protein turnover
Whole body protein turnover reflects the continual synthesis and breakdown of body proteins. It can be measured at a whole-body or tissue level using stable isotope methods.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is used to screen for or diagnose diabetes. Normal blood values for a 75 gram OGTT are: Fasting -- 60 to 99 mg/dL (3.3 to 5.5 mmol/L), 1 hour -- Less than 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L), 2 hours -- Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is normal.
Blood glucose
Continuous glucose monitoring means using a device to automatically estimate your blood glucose level, also called blood sugar, throughout the day and night for 7 days.
Composite Appetite Scale
A composite appetite scale is a measure used to assess appetite control and influence energy intake. It can be calculated based on factors such as hunger, desire to eat, and fullness rating. Appetite Scale: How Hungry do you feel? Not Hungry at all \<---\> Have never been more Hungry How Satisfied do you feel? Completely empty \<----\> Can't eat another bite How Full do you feel? Not full at all \<----\> Totally full The more a person is satisfied and feels full and less hungry, the better the outcome is for whey vs placebo supplementation.
Dietary Intake Log
A dietary intake log, also known as a food diary, is a self-reported account of all foods and beverages consumed within a specific timeframe.
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University of Arkansas
Lead sponsor
National Dairy Council
Collaborator
