Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

The goal of this randomized vignette-based experiment is to investigate how AI-related contextual factors influence expert assessment of physician negligence in AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment scenarios among experts in medical malpractice assessment. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does physician acceptance or rejection of AI recommendations, compared with non-AI use, influence the likelihood of being assessed as negligent? Researchers will compare a no-AI assistance control group with four AI-assistance groups under different AI use conditions to examine how AI involvement and contextual factors affect assessments of physician negligence. Participants will: Complete a web-based questionnaire after eligibility confirmation. Evaluate a series of clinical vignettes describing adverse patient outcomes following physician decision-making under different AI-use conditions.

This study tests whether an artificial intelligence (AI) system can help doctors write medical notes during cancer consultations. After a cancer patient is seen by a multidisciplinary team (a group of specialists who decide on the best treatment), they have a consultation with their oncologist to discuss the treatment plan. During this consultation, doctors must write detailed medical notes, which takes significant time and effort. In this study, an ambient AI system called VOCALI is used during oncology consultations at the National Cancer Center in Vilnius, Lithuania. Before the consultation begins, the doctor loads relevant pseudonymized clinical data from the electronic health record (such as diagnosis and treatment plan) into the system. During the consultation, VOCALI records the conversation (with the patient's consent) and combines it with the loaded clinical data to automatically generate a draft medical note in Lithuanian. Patients may ask the doctor to stop the recording at any time. The doctor then reviews the draft, makes any necessary corrections, and approves the final document. The AI does not make any medical decisions - the doctor is always responsible for the final note. What the study measures: The study has three main goals: * To assess the quality of the AI-generated notes, rated by two independent reviewers using the PDQI-10, a standardized documentation quality instrument translated into Lithuanian using forward-backward translation * To measure the time doctors spend reviewing and approving the AI-generated draft * To monitor safety - whether any AI errors could affect patient care The study also collects information on doctor workload, ease of use of the system, and patient satisfaction with the consultation. Who can participate: Adult patients (age 18 or older) attending a primary oncology consultation at the National Cancer Center in Vilnius, Lithuania, after a multidisciplinary team decision, who speak Lithuanian and provide written consent. Study details: 250 patients will be enrolled over 12 months. Each participant attends one consultation and completes a short satisfaction questionnaire (about 5 minutes). No additional visits are required. There is no comparator group - all participants receive the AI-assisted documentation. This is the first study to evaluate ambient AI documentation in the Lithuanian language and in the Lithuanian oncology setting.

The goal of this interventional study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a Large Language Model (LLM)-based educational AI Agent in graduate students (Masters and PhD) specializing in medicine or nursing who are enrolled in the "Machine Learning and Data Mining" course. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the use of an educational AI Agent improve students' academic performance and practical skills in machine learning compared to traditional methods? Does the AI intervention enhance students' learning confidence, satisfaction, and cognitive engagement? Researchers will compare students currently using the AI Agent (experimental group) to a historical control group (students from the previous cohort who did not use the AI tool) to see if the AI-assisted learning model leads to significantly higher learning achievements and better educational experiences. Participants will: Utilize the Teaching Agent for real-time answers to theoretical questions, personalized study planning, and knowledge reinforcement. Engage with the Research Agent to assist with literature reviews, research design optimization, and academic writing structure. Use the Practice Innovation Agent for guidance on coding, algorithm debugging, and applying machine learning models to medical data analysis projects.