Bipolar and Related Disorders

This study is testing whether a type of gentle brain stimulation, combined with computer-based brain training exercises, can help improve thinking skills in Veterans with bipolar disorder. Veterans with bipolar disorder may have difficulty with skills like stopping to think before acting or adjusting their behavior when things change - problems that can affect daily life and have been linked to a higher risk of serious outcomes. In this study, Veterans with bipolar disorder will complete brain training exercises at home on a computer, paired with a mild electrical brain stimulation called transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), delivered through a small headband worn on the forehead. Some participants will receive real stimulation and some will receive an inactive ("sham") version, and neither participants nor most study staff will know which one a person is receiving. All participants will also complete brain wave recordings (EEG), interviews, questionnaires, and various thinking tasks before and after the study to measure any changes. A separate group of Veterans without bipolar disorder will complete the same tests, without any brain stimulation or training, to help researchers understand how much change would happen naturally just from taking the same tests more than once. The goal of this research is to learn whether this combined treatment approach is safe, tolerable, and helpful for improving thinking skills in Veterans with bipolar disorder, and whether Veterans find it an acceptable treatment worth continuing.

Mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder affect over 350 million people around the world. While several effective treatments exist, it is often difficult to match the right treatment to an individual person. Repeated efforts to find the right treatment contribute to poor functioning, low quality of life, and prolongs the time it takes to get well. Most areas of medicine are able to use 'biomarkers' or clinical tests, blood tests, or imaging to help diagnose and treat illness. The search for biomarkers in mood disorders is advancing, but one roadblock to progress is the lack of large, standardized studies of mood disorders that are needed to accurately identify biomarkers. The aim of the ENABLE platform is to provide the Canadian neuroscience community a standardized way of collecting biomarker data from individuals with a range of mood disorders symptoms. In addition, this 'master clinical trial platform' framework will provide a pool of participants who can be recruited into biomarker-based clinical trials.

Psychiatric conditions are each defined by different set of symptoms, however, they often share common characteristics such as impairments in cognitive and social functioning. These impairments can cause significant distress and disrupt daily functioning by preventing individuals from actively participating in school or work, maintaining healthy relationships with others, and engaging in everyday activities independently. The goal of this clinical trial is to examine if action-based cognitive remediation (ABCR) therapy, a type of cognitive training program, works to treat cognitive impairments in participants with psychiatric disorders. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Whether the intervention will improve the thinking skills of participants with different types of psychiatric conditions * Whether the intervention will improve social skills and work performance * Can this program be easily used in a regular hospital, and do the people who take part in it find it helpful and worth their time * Whether the improvements from the intervention last for a long time after the training is over. Researchers will compare how much the thinking skills of participants change during an 8-week waiting period (where they get no treatment) to how much they change during the 8-week training program to see if the training makes a bigger difference in helping them think and live better. Participants will : * Complete a series of questionnaires on memory, thinking skills, and mental health at the beginning of the study * Wait 8 weeks without any intervention or training * Complete the series of questionnaires again * Complete an 8-week training intervention of ABCR where they will use special computer programs to practice real-life skills and tasks like planning a meal or making an appointment * Complete the series of questionnaires and an additional structured interview to assess acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. * 3 month later, complete questionnaires for a final time.

The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to be adequately powered to evaluate the effect of ketogenic metabolic therapy on the quality of life in serious mental illness, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder.

Researchers aim to test a brief culturally-responsive young adult orientation program for community mental health services. They will conduct a 24-month randomized trial with 80 young adults from racial and ethnic minority groups in a community-based mental health clinic.