Chagas Disease

This study is to investigate the ability of LXE408 to clear or reduce the level of parasites in the blood of people with chronic Chagas disease. Participants must have chronic Chagas disease without severe organ dysfunction.

The prison system in French Guiana is characterized by severe overcrowding, high levels of promiscuity, poor sanitary conditions, and the documented presence of potential reservoirs or vectors of zoonotic diseases, particularly swallows and rodents. In French Guiana, several zoonotic diseases have a high incidence or are of particular public health significance, including Q fever, leptospirosis, Chagas disease, histoplasmosis, and toxoplasmosis. Despite this context, the risk of zoonotic diseases in prisons remains poorly documented, even though endemic and epidemic circulation of Q fever has already been described at the French Guiana correctional facility. This study aims to document this risk in a systematic and prospective manner. The main objective is to assess the prevalence of zoonotic infections (Q fever, leptospirosis, Chagas disease, histoplasmosis, and toxoplasmosis) among inmates at the French Guiana Correctional Facility in 2026-2027. The other objectives are : * To measure the seroprevalence of zoonotic infections among new arrivals at the French Guiana correctional facility; * To identify individual risk factors, both within and outside the prison, for acquiring zoonotic infections; * To analyze the results in relation to bioclimatic data (wind direction, humidity, precipitation, temperature) The expected benefits will aim to objectively assess the risk of zoonotic diseases within the French Guiana correctional facility, to improve understanding of zoonoses in prison settings, to guide the implementation of appropriate prevention and screening measures, and to contribute to improving health conditions in detention. It should also strengthen cooperation between health and justice officials as part of an integrated approach to the prevention and management of infectious diseases.

This is an observational study in which data from women with Chagas disease who will take or have already taken nifurtimox during pregnancy and the impact on their babies are studied. Chagas disease is an inflammatory, infectious disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This parasite is mainly spread by insects called triatomine bug. If Chagas disease is left untreated, it can later cause e.g. serious heart and digestive problems. Nifurtimox has been used for more than 50 years to treat Chagas disease in children and adults. It is not recommended to be used during pregnancy as data from animal studies indicate that it may harm the baby. Currently, there are not enough data to know if this is also the case in humans. In this study, researchers want to collect data on the safety of nifurtimox use in pregnant women. To do this, researchers will collect the following information: * Birth defects (abnormal and problematic structures or functions, a child is born with) * Pregnancy outcomes (like live birth, preterm birth, still birth/death of the unborn baby, miscarriage, or abortion) * Certain health problems of the child up to 12 months of age * Certain health problems of the women experienced during pregnancy The data will be collected from different sources including telephone calls with the women or their doctor, CRFs (case reprt forms) or from medical records The researchers will compare the proportion of children with birth defects, pregnancy outcomes or certain health problems of the child or the women during pregnancy with available data on these outcomes in the general population. The study will run for approximately 10 years.

Chagas disease, a parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in much of Latin America and affects people throughout the world. Currently treatment with the only two drugs effective against the infection, benznidazole and nifurtimox, has significant limitations including frequent adverse effects in adult patients. However, timely treatment is key to achieving global objectives of controlling the disease. The standard treatment has a long duration (60 days). NuestroBen will test the hypothesis that shorter treatment regimens of 14 days and 28 days will be non-inferior to the standard 60-day treatment while improving the safety profile.