Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

The purpose of this study is to measure the change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of inflammation in the body, with clazakizumab compared with placebo in adults who have elevated hsCRP and at increased risk for cardiovascular event. Participation in the study will last about 9 months.

The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy and safety of orforglipron in participants with T2D (type 2 diabetes) who participate in fasting during Ramadan. For each participant, the study will last up to 48 weeks with a minimum of 7 in clinic visits and 4 virtual visits.

The study is testing UBT251 in participants with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this clinical study is to find out if UBT251 is effective and safe for treating participants with type 2 diabetes. Participants will either get UBT251, UBT251 placebo, semaglutide, or semaglutide placebo. Which treatment participants get is decided by chance. UBT251 is the treatment being tested and is not yet available for doctors to prescribe, while semaglutide is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes that doctors can already prescribe.

Surgery is one of the management options for type 2 diabetes in patients with moderate obesity. This is a recent option because it has been part of the recommendations since October 2022. The possible surgical techniques are the same as those for bariatric surgery: * Sleeve, * Bypass, * Gastric band, but the main goal is not weight loss, it is remission of type 2 diabetes. It is called metabolic surgery. The ring technique (gastroplasty) is practiced less and less in France because it is less effective in weight loss and is responsible for major discomfort. Currently, metabolic surgery is one of the recommendations but no study has compared the effectiveness of the techniques with each other. One or other of the techniques can be chosen according to the preferences of the surgeon, the patient, the center, etc. but this choice is not made objectively, in the absence of comparative data. This study would like to follow up on patients for whom metabolic surgery has been proposed by the doctor,. If the surgery is accepted, this study would like to improve knowledge of the effectiveness of the different techniques, and thus demonstrate which metabolic surgery technique is preferred in terms of effectiveness and safety.

The main objective of this trial is to evaluate whether maridebart cafraglutide is non-inferior to semaglutide in improving glycemic control in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who are receiving metformin treatment, with or without a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are growing public health challenges. Early intervention in mild T2DM and IGT is essential to prevent disease progression and severe complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) provides a potential therapeutic approach. Sanggua tablets, a TCM formula composed of mulberry leaf, bitter melon, kudzu root, Chinese yam, and cassia seed, embody TCM principles of clearing heat, generating body fluids, tonifying the spleen and stomach, and nourishing the lungs and kidneys. Modern studies show that Sanggua tablets effectively lower blood glucose and improve lipid profiles through components like mulberry polysaccharides and bitter melon saponins. These findings suggest their potential as an alternative or complementary therapy for mild T2DM and IGT. This study will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial among patients with IGT and mild T2DM. Participants will receive a 16-week intervention with Sanggua tablets. The primary outcome is glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), with secondary outcomes such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), HOMA-IR, lipid profiles and so on. Safety will be closely monitored. Additionally, fecal samples will be collected for 16S rDNA sequencing to explore the role of gut microbiota in the therapeutic effects of Sanggua tablets. This study aims to provide evidence for the clinical application and development of Sanggua tablets as a novel TCM therapy.

The study is a randomized control trial involving 100 participants (formerly incarcerated Black men with poorly controlled diabetes) to examine the effect of a tailored nurse case manager on glycemic control and other clinical outcomes, self-care behaviors, and quality of life at 6 months post-randomization.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the effects of high blood glucose levels in the brain and assess if the changes seen in individuals with poorly control T2DM can be reversed with good glucose control. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * To determine, whether abnormalities in brain glucose transport seen in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes, can be improved with better glucose control. * Assess which factors, (duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) and glycemic control) contribute to changes in glucose transport Participants will have: * A screening visit * placement of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) 2 weeks before the first magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at week 0 * Additional visits/phone calls for intensification of diabetes management and nutrition visits * Second magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at week 12

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a new smartphone app that pairs glucose and exercise data will help adolescents and young adults with type 2 diabetes improve glycemic control. It will also study how changes in glycemic control are maintained over time. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does using the app help with short-term glycemic control? * Does using the app help with longer-term glycemic control? * Does using the app help increase physical activity? Participants will: * Wear a continuous glucose monitoring device for 6 months * Wear a physical activity tracker for 6 months * Use the study smartphone app for 6 months * Complete 3 in-person study visits with fasting blood draws * Report dietary intake intermittently throughout the study

The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety, and tolerability of maridebart cafraglutide in participants with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trial 20210182 is extension of trial 20210184 (NCT06858878).

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of mobile health applications in improving health outcomes and type II diabetes outcomes in type 2 diabetics. This study will involve a 6-month long commitment where participants will be expected to weigh themselves every morning, at the same time, and check their blood glucose readings daily before and after meals for at least three meals in the day.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of mobile health applications in improving health outcomes and the subsequent benefit of improving type II diabetes outcomes in a low socioeconomic Hispanic population. This study will involve a 6-month long commitment where participants will be expected to weigh themselves every morning, at the same time, and check their blood glucose readings daily before and after meals for at least three meals in the day.

Primary objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the ARISE strategy on the proportion of individuals with confirmed T2DM diagnosis, per protocol criteria based on the PCDT-DM2 (Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for T2DM), among adults eligible for screening registered at UBS (Primary Health Care Units) in Afogados da Ingazeira, during the 12 months post-implementation, compared to a reference value estimated from a historical 12-month period in the same municipality. Methodology: Pragmatic, quasi-experimental, single-arm effectiveness and implementation study with a historical comparator. In each period, the analytic population will be defined by eligibility on the respective index date. In the historical period, data will estimate the reference proportion of the primary outcome and historical values of applicable secondary outcomes. In the post-intervention period, individuals eligible on the index date will be followed for 12 months via care records. Individuals who become eligible after the post-intervention index date may receive care actions under the strategy and be included in operational, implementation, and exploratory analyses, but not in outcome denominators fixed at the index date. The study will take place in Afogados da Ingazeira, Pernambuco, covering all 15 UBS with an affiliated Family Health Team. Research-specific technological components will incur no additional cost to the municipality. ARISE comprises two components: 1. Digital analytics layer, built on the existing epHealth infrastructure. It uses structured data from e-SUS PEC to apply predefined T2DM screening eligibility rules. Identified individuals appear in operational lists and may generate alerts for UBS managers and community health workers, supporting visits, scheduling, test requests, follow-up, and patient return. It may also flag: delays over 60 days between test request and completion, availability of lab results, and need for active case-finding. No test, diagnosis, prescription, referral, or treatment is automated; clinical decisions remain with APS professionals and managers. 2. Professional training. UBS managers, community health workers, physicians, nurses, and nursing technicians will be trained on the PCDT-DM2 and ARISE workflows, before the digital layer's activation. Professionals are research participants only for evaluating educational impact, acceptability, and usability, provided they attend the relevant training and sign the Informed Consent Form (ICF). Training participation is independent of research participation; declining data use carries no functional or institutional penalty. A census-based approach will define population size. The primary analysis includes all individuals eligible on the post-intervention index date; final numbers depend on municipal database findings. Power calculations covered 8,000-30,000 eligible individuals and historical T2DM diagnosis proportions of 0.80%-0.90%. A population of \~14,000-15,000 eligible individuals yields \~80% power to detect a \~25% relative increase, for historical proportions of 0.85%-0.90%. For professional-related components, a census approach covers all eligible categories per the updated roster of active professionals directly involved. Statistical analysis: The post-intervention proportion of confirmed T2DM diagnosis will be compared to the historical reference using a two-tailed one-proportion test (5% significance level). Point estimates, 95% CIs, absolute differences, and proportion ratios (where applicable) will be reported. Adjusted analyses may use logistic regression. Change in professionals' knowledge will be analyzed via paired intra-individual pre/post-training score differences. RE-AIM indicators will be mainly descriptive. Acceptability, training reaction, and workflow perception blocks will be scored separately (1-5). Usability will be assessed via the System Usability Scale (0-100) among professionals who directly used the digital component. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (REC), CAAE n. 00260026.5.0000.5330, approval opinion n. 8.705.723. Primary outcome: Confirmed T2DM diagnosis during the observation period, treated as a binary individual indicator.

This study is open to adults with type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. People can join the study if they have these conditions and do not have a history of heart failure. The purpose of this study is to find out if a medicine called vicadrostat, when taken with empagliflozin, helps reduce cardiovascular risk in people with these conditions. The study will compare this combination to a placebo version of vicadrostat with empagliflozin. Participants are put into 2 groups randomly, which means by chance. One group takes vicadrostat and empagliflozin tablets, and the other group takes placebo tablets with empagliflozin. Placebo tablets look like vicadrostat tablets but do not contain any medicine. Participants take a tablet once per day for 2 and a half years and up to 4 years and 3 months. All participants also continue their medication for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. Participants have an equal chance of receiving the study medicine or placebo. Participants are in the study for up to 4 years and 3 months. During this time, they visit the study site regularly. During these visits, doctors collect information about participants' health and take blood samples. The doctors document when participants experience cardiovascular events. The doctors also regularly check participants' health and take note of any unwanted effects.

A multicenter, prospective, non-interventional observation study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of OAD triple therapy in Korean Type 2 diabetic mellitus patients.

The purpose of this clinical study is to look at the safety and tolerability of switching from semaglutide to CagriSema, for participants who have type 2 diabetes. All participants will get CagriSema, the treatment being tested. Participants will be in this clinical study for about 6 months.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how well LY4057996 is tolerated and what side effects may occur in healthy participants and participants with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. The study drug will be administered either subcutaneously (SC) (under the skin) or intravenously (IV) (into a vein in the arm). Blood tests will be performed to check how much LY4057996 gets into the bloodstream and how long it takes the body to eliminate it. The study will last 11 weeks for Part A1-A2, 4 weeks for A3-A5, 6 weeks for Part B and 7 weeks for Part C, all approximations, excluding a screening period.

TRANSFORM is a prospective, randomized, open blinded endpoint (PROBE), event-driven, pragmatic trial in patients who are at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease but with no known symptomatic CV disease. The trial tests the hypothesis that a Cleerly Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Staging System-based care strategy reduces CV events compared with risk factor-based care.

This study looks at how well a medicine called orforglipron works compared to another medicine called dulaglutide in pediatric participants aged 10 to less than 18 years with type 2 diabetes. The study will also check how safe these medicines are and how the body processes them. Participation in the study will last about 61 weeks.

This study aims to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive model to estimate the risk of incident onset of five major diseases or conditions: cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, low back pain, and osteoarthritis, in adults aged 30 to 65 years. For each participant, an index date will be defined as the date of a prior health screening or another protocol-defined baseline clinical date. Incident disease status for each target disease or condition will be ascertained by retrospective review of electronic medical records for up to 10 years after the index date. The study integrates retrospective clinical, health screening, laboratory, imaging, and electronic medical record data with prospectively collected biospecimen, proteomic, genomic, questionnaire, lifestyle, and digital health data. Prospective study procedures will be completed over approximately 1 week, with up to 2 additional weeks if needed. By combining multimodal data, this study seeks to improve disease risk prediction and to identify clinical and biological factors associated with disease onset, ultimately supporting personalized risk stratification and preventive healthcare strategies.

This is a cross-sectional observational study comparing echocardiographic markers of left ventricular diastolic function and pulmonary artery systolic pressure among healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, stratified by albuminuria status (normal, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria) according to KDIGO 2024 criteria. The study is being conducted in Upper Egypt and aims to characterize the relationship between the albuminuria spectrum and cardiac diastolic/pulmonary vascular involvement in type 2 diabetes, alongside glycemic control and diabetes duration.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which is a risk factor for comorbidities and death. Although conventional pharmacotherapy is effective, some individuals do not reach the glycemic targets, requiring adjuvant therapies. Taurine is a semi-essential amino acid with antioxidant and osmoregulatory properties, commonly used as a nutritional supplement. Pre-clinical studies show its effectiveness in reducing blood glucose and cholesterol, but there are no well-conducted clinical studies evaluating the effect of taurine on glycated hemoglobin. Additionally, animal models showed that taurine had a protective effect from diabetic nephropathy. The hypothesize of this study is that taurine administration improves the glycemic, lipid, inflammatory, and anthropometric parameters in DM2 individuals.

Observational study in physicians regarding their adherence to clinical guidelines (by American Diabetes Association 2025) for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity via questionnaire

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if UrDiaCare, an Urdu-language diabetes support tool, can help adults with type 2 diabetes manage their Diabetes and improve blood sugar levels. The study will include adults aged 30 to 70 years with type 2 diabetes and higher-than-recommended blood sugar levels. The main question is whether UrDiaCare can lower HbA1c, a blood test that shows average blood sugar levels over the past few months, after four months. Researchers will compare UrDiaCare plus standard diabetes care with standard diabetes care plus a single Urdu educational pamphlet. UrDiaCare provides diabetes self-management education and support through WhatsApp/Android. It uses a fixed, health-professional-reviewed information library and does not provide diagnosis or prescribe treatment.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the relationship between sulfate ion levels in the blood and brain function in people with diabetic encephalopathy, a diabetes-related brain condition that can affect thinking and memory. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Are blood sulfate ion levels related to memory and thinking test scores? 2. Are blood sulfate ion levels related to the severity of brain shrinkage (brain atrophy) seen on MRI? 3. Do sulfate ion levels and their relationship with thinking and memory differ among people with different levels of long-term blood sugar control? Researchers will compare participants grouped by long-term blood sugar control (based on HbA1c, a blood test that reflects average blood sugar over the past 2-3 months) to see whether sulfate ion levels and their associations with brain function differ. Participants will: 1. Give a blood sample to measure sulfate ion levels, HbA1c, and neurofilament light chain (NfL), a marker of nerve damage. 2. Complete the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a test of memory and thinking, and questionnaires about daily living skills. 3. Have a brain MRI scan to assess brain shrinkage, unless a recent scan within the past 6 months can be used. 4. Provide information about their diabetes and medical history. This is a cross-sectional study, so participants will be assessed once at enrollment. No treatment or intervention is given. About 220 adults aged 45-75 years with type 2 diabetes and diabetic encephalopathy will take part.