Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy and safety of orforglipron in participants with T2D (type 2 diabetes) who participate in fasting during Ramadan. For each participant, the study will last up to 48 weeks with a minimum of 7 in clinic visits and 4 virtual visits.

The purpose of this study is to investigate weight reduction with macupatide and eloralintide, alone or in combination, in adult participants with obesity or overweight and with type 2 diabetes. Participation in the study will last about 48 weeks.

This study is open to adults with type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. People can join the study if they have these conditions and do not have a history of heart failure. The purpose of this study is to find out if a medicine called vicadrostat, when taken with empagliflozin, helps reduce cardiovascular risk in people with these conditions. The study will compare this combination to a placebo version of vicadrostat with empagliflozin. Participants are put into 2 groups randomly, which means by chance. One group takes vicadrostat and empagliflozin tablets, and the other group takes placebo tablets with empagliflozin. Placebo tablets look like vicadrostat tablets but do not contain any medicine. Participants take a tablet once per day for 2 and a half years and up to 4 years and 3 months. All participants also continue their medication for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. Participants have an equal chance of receiving the study medicine or placebo. Participants are in the study for up to 4 years and 3 months. During this time, they visit the study site regularly. During these visits, doctors collect information about participants' health and take blood samples. The doctors document when participants experience cardiovascular events. The doctors also regularly check participants' health and take note of any unwanted effects.

TRANSFORM is a prospective, randomized, open blinded endpoint (PROBE), event-driven, pragmatic trial in patients who are at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease but with no known symptomatic CV disease. The trial tests the hypothesis that a Cleerly Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Staging System-based care strategy reduces CV events compared with risk factor-based care.

The goal of this study, performed entirely with computer programs, is to learn if using a combination of two drugs works better than using one alone, in the treatment of people with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main questions it aims to answer are: * How many events of heart failure, heart failure hospitalizations, and cardiovascular death happen in each group? * How do serious kidney problems progress in each of the groups? Researchers will compare reference therapy (finerenone) with a combination of finerenone and empagliflozin. There will not be human participants in this study. With the help of artificial intelligence, researchers will recreate a large population of people with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data on their disease, treatment, and laboratory parameters will be based on and simulated using real data from previous clinical trials conducted with real participants.

This study looks at how well a medicine called orforglipron works compared to another medicine called dulaglutide in pediatric participants aged 10 to less than 18 years with type 2 diabetes. The study will also check how safe these medicines are and how the body processes them. Participation in the study will last about 61 weeks.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether an audio diary mobile application (Fabla-diabetesMM) is feasible to use and may support self-management in older adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes and multimorbidity. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is it feasible to adapt and implement the Fabla-diabetesMM audio diary mobile app among 30 older adults with diabetes and multimorbidity * Does the use of the audio diary mobile app affect self-management outcomes

This study aims to test the feasibility of a new systematic screening program to allow the early detection of individuals aged 50 years at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the resident in the province of Ascoli Piceno and without previous diagnosis, using the CUORE and FINDRISDC tools developed in the Project. The intervention will be conducted at the premises of the Prevention Department in Ascoli Piceno and San Benedetto del Tronto, within the Local Health Authority of Ascoli Piceno (Marche Region, Italy), throughout 2026. Eligible individuals will be invited, based on recruitment criteria, to the screening via a letter containing study information and participation instructions. Those willing to participate will book the appointment to undergo the screening in one of the two premises of the Prevention Department involved in the study (namely, San Benedetto del Tronto and Ascoli Piceno), through the regional reservation system (CUP). On the scheduled date, participants will visit the Prevention Department, where healthcare professionals (HCPs) will explain the study, obtain the informed consent, and collect data related to the CUORE and/or FINDRISC questionnaires, as well as sociodemographic information. The calculated scores will determine the 10-year risks of T2DM and major CVD events. Based on these risks, participants will be provided with tailored suggested pathways. A summary letter outlining these pathways will be delivered, and, in case of consent, results will be added to the participants' Electronic Health Record. Follow-up calls will be scheduled at 3 (T1) and 6 (T2) months to assess adherence to the suggested pathway (e.g., visit the General Practitioner (GP), lifestyle counselling) through a phone call.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and efficacy of Mastitide for diabetes remission in Chinese type 2 diabetic subjects with poor glycemic control on diet or exercise therapy alone or metformin/sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitor monotherapy.

This study compares insulin icodec, taken once a week, with other basal insulins, taken once a day, in people with type 2 diabetes.The purpose of this study is to see how well the approved injectable weekly insulin icodec maintains blood sugar levels when compared to approved and available daily injectable basal insulins in people with type 2 diabetes. The participants will either be prescribed weekly insulin icodec or a daily basal insulin (insulin glargine, insulin detemir or insulin degludec) based on current standards for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The study will last for about 13 months.

The study is testing UBT251 in participants with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this clinical study is to find out if UBT251 is effective and safe for treating participants with type 2 diabetes. Participants will either get UBT251, UBT251 placebo, semaglutide, or semaglutide placebo. Which treatment participants get is decided by chance. UBT251 is the treatment being tested and is not yet available for doctors to prescribe, while semaglutide is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes that doctors can already prescribe.

This study is being done to look at the effect and safety of different doses of NNC0662-0419 in people living with type 2 diabetes when compared to placebo or semaglutide. The purpose of this clinical study is to find out if NNC0662-0419 is effective and safe for treating people living with type 2 diabetes. Participants will get either NNC0662-0419, semaglutide or placebo. Which treatment participants get is decided by chance. NNC0662-0419 is a new medicine which cannot be prescribed by doctors but has previously been tested in humans. Semaglutide is an approved medication to treat type 2 diabetes.

This study seeks to address the multifaceted challenges posed by food disparities and their negative consequences on health outcomes, via a comprehensive community health intervention program. Study objectives include: 1. To describe the social-demographic and clinical factors associated with food insecurity in the hospitalized diabetic population. 2. To design, implement and evaluate a nutrition program targeting the hospitalized diabetic population. The investigators will prospectively randomize the target population into either a nutrition program (Intervention), or state-of-art standard of care (SOC) in a 4:1 ratio. Participants in the intervention group will be provided the following two resources in addition to SOC: 1) Enhanced access to nutritious food (twice daily meal delivery up to 90 days post-discharge) 2) Education at discharge and continuing outreach to enhance knowledge for better diet and food options. 3. To enhance community engagement and develop a systematic implementation plan for long-term roll-out of the nutrition program.

Steroid injections used to treat painful joints can temporarily increase glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. This study will test whether a short course of pre-emptive neutral protamine Hagedorn, NPH, insulin can reduce high glucose after a standard corticosteroid injection into the knee. Adults with type 2 diabetes who are scheduled to receive one intra-articular injection of triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg for knee osteoarthritis will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group will receive a prespecified NPH insulin regimen beginning immediately after the injection and continuing for three doses. The comparison group will continue usual reactive diabetes management without pre-emptive NPH insulin. Both groups will use blinded continuous glucose monitoring and scheduled capillary glucose testing. The main outcome is the percentage of continuous glucose monitoring time above 180 mg/dL during the first 72 hours after the corticosteroid injection. Hypoglycaemia, rescue treatment, healthcare contacts, treatment burden, acceptability and adverse events will also be assessed.

Type 2 diabetes is on the increase worldwide. Two major risk factors have been identified: overweight and physical inactivity. National and international recommendations encourage general practitioner to guide patients in changing their lifestyle. As regards physical activity in France, general practitioner have been able to prescribe adapted physical activity (APA) for their patients since 2016. In type 2 diabetes, it is known that physical activity interventions are cost-effective. However, these interventions are often too expensive and far removed from real life. It is also known that the benefits of intervention increase up to 18 months, then diminish to zero at 36 months. In Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, the "PEPS Sport-santé network", offers physical activity coaching for patients who are not sufficiently active: the "Passerelle" program. Patients can benefit from a weekly physical activity session for 6 months. The investigators would therefore like to assess whether extending the existing "Passerelle program" by 6 months, with one session every 15 days, is effective in maintaining the volume of physical activity 12 months after the end of the intervention.

This is a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled trial to compare Billroth II reconstruction versus conventional Roux-en-Y reconstruction versus long limb Roux-en-Y reconstruction for glycemic control in patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes and gastric cancer.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in adipose (fat) tissue macrophages (ATM) in regulating adipose tissue and systemic metabolic function in obesity. The investigators will assess the differences in ATM lipid metabolism in people with metabolically abnormal obesity and lean individuals. Both groups will have: * screening visit * imaging (body composition testing - dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, magnetic resonance imaging \[MRI\] and magnetic resonance spectroscopy \[MRS\] scans) * Overnight visit with intravenous infusion (IV), muscle, and fat tissue biopsies

Older adults with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for severe hypoglycemia and its related complications (including hospitalization and death) when taking insulin. This study proposes to evaluate, in a randomized clinical trial, a strategy of safe insulin prescribing based on an educational program that leverages continuous glucose monitoring to support older adults at high risk for hypoglycemia. If the aims of this project are achieved, this novel care strategy could be widely applied to reduce severe hypoglycemia episodes in older, high-risk adults with type 2 diabetes.

The main objective of this trial is to assess the safety and tolerability of AMG 127 as single dose and multiple doses in healthy participants and participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

A pilot study to evaluate and compare glucose metrics using a real-time continuous glucose monitor (FreeStyle Libre 3 sensor) between patients with diabetes and gastroparesis and those with diabetes without gastroparesis.

The objective of this project is to assess the effectiveness of a low-calorie and very low-calorie Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND-HK) diet in improving glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes in adults with T2DM. A total of 180 participants aged 40 to 70, diagnosed with T2DM, will be recruited and randomized into three groups: intervention 1 following the low-calorie MIND-HK diet, intervention 2 following the very low-calorie diet, and an attention control group. The two intervention groups will attend four in-person nutrition counseling sessions (one per week, 60 minutes per session, followed by a 30-minute Q\&A) at a community centre and will use KetoMetrics Breath Ketone System and dietary mobile app, to track diet and monitor daily ketone levels for early signs of ketosis that may lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The attention control group will receive an equal amount of attention through four in-person infectious disease counseling sessions. The primary outcome will be HbA1c levels. Secondary outcomes include fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, breath ketone, scores from the Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Questionnaire, and MIND diet scores. This study will contribute to the growing body of evidence on dietary interventions for managing T2DM in adults.

The goal of this study is to learn how GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy affects muscle and bone health in older females over age 65 with type 2 diabetes. The main question it aims to answer is whether or not 6 months of GLP-1 RA therapy affects muscle strength. Participants will: * Receive GLP-1 RA therapy as part of their routine clinical care * Complete muscle strength assessments (hand grip strength, Timed Up and Go test) * Provide blood samples for bone turnover markers * Undergo bone mineral density testing

Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with sensory impairment and functional disability. Irisin is a myokine that has been implicated in glucose metabolism and neuroprotection. This prospective observational case-control study aims to evaluate serum irisin concentrations in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy compared with diabetic patients without neuropathy and healthy controls, and to investigate whether serum irisin may serve as a biomarker for diabetic polyneuropathy.

AIM-MET is a randomized clinical study testing whether a fixed microbiome-targeted nutritional product can improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes when used in addition to usual stable diabetes treatment. The study will compare the active nutritional product with a matching placebo over 24 weeks. The product was designed using artificial intelligence before the study began, but the same fixed formulation will be used for all participants assigned to the active group. Artificial intelligence will not be used during the study to make individual treatment decisions, adjust dosing, or personalize the product. The main question is whether participants receiving the active product have a greater reduction in HbA1c, a standard marker of average blood sugar levels, from the start of the study to Week 24 compared with participants receiving placebo. The study will also evaluate early blood sugar changes, fasting glucose, body weight and waist measurements in participants with baseline BMI of at least 25.0 kg/m2, safety, hypoglycaemia events, patient-reported outcomes, and gut microbiome features. This is a 100-participant proof-of-concept study intended to estimate the size of the treatment signal, safety, feasibility, and parameters needed for a future larger confirmatory trial.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile among participants newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Southeast Asia (CRISTAL SEA). It's a retrospective chart-review across five Southeast Asian countries to characterize newly diagnosed T2DM participants and how their CVD risk is distributed, using data from the year before diagnosis and roughly the first year after diagnosis.