Diabetic Ketoacidosis

This prospective observational cohort study will evaluate whether the perfusion index measured at emergency department admission is associated with the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis in adults. The study will include 140 patients aged 18 years or older who are diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department. The perfusion index will be measured using pulse oximetry. Serum lactate measured as part of routine clinical care will also be recorded, and the lactate-to-perfusion index ratio will be calculated. The ability of the perfusion index, serum lactate, and the lactate-to-perfusion index ratio to predict diabetic ketoacidosis severity will be compared. Their associations with time to diabetic ketoacidosis resolution, intensive care unit admission, hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, and in-hospital mortality will also be evaluated. No treatment will be assigned by the investigators, and all patients will receive routine clinical care.

This prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the relationship between admission Leukocyte Glucose Index (LGI) and the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis, as well as the presence of diabetic microvascular complications, among adult patients at Assiut University Hospitals.

The goal of this clinical trial is to develop and evaluate a novel diabetes ketoacidosis risk mitigation strategy to support the safe use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) therapy in participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main objectives of this study are to: 1. Evaluate how ketone metrics differ between participants no chronic kidney disease (CKD), moderate risk CKD and high or very high-risk CKD in three time periods. 2. Identify potentially modifiable ketosis risk factors. 3. Use continuous dual ketone and glucose monitoring (DGK) data prior to and following treatment to determine ketosis risk factors and gain knowledge to further refine reporting of risk factors and determine which factors in the Ketone Action Plan (KAP) were most valuable. 4. Gather information on how participants and clinicians like and use the DGK reports. Participants will be asked to: * Meet with study investigators to determine if they are eligible * Sign written informed consent * Take a pregnancy test, if applicable * Have blood taken to assess kidney function and hemoglobin A1c * Take the study medication, following the study team instructions * Wear the study provided sensor throughout participation. * Complete 5 in person visits, and 11 phone check ins over a nine-month period * Provide feedback on their experience, usefulness of CGM/CKM reports, and the most valuable factors of the Ketone Action Plan (KAP).

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe metabolic complication in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and may be associated with early injury of vital organs such as the kidneys and the heart. Early detection of organ dysfunction is important for identifying children at increased risk for complications. This observational cross-sectional study aims to evaluate biomarkers of acute organ injury and associated clinical and echocardiographic parameters in children with newly diagnosed T1DM presenting with DKA, compared with children with newly diagnosed T1DM without DKA and healthy controls. Biomarkers including KIM-1, NGAL, high-sensitivity troponin, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein will be measured during hospital admission and within the first 24-48 hours of hospitalization.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is increasingly recognized in adults with "ketone-prone" type 2 diabetes. In many of these patients, the pancreas can still make insulin but becomes temporarily "stunned" during severe, prolonged high blood sugar. Arginine is a naturally occurring amino acid that can trigger the pancreas to release its own insulin when glucose is high. It is FDA-approved for other uses and has been given intravenously for decades with a strong safety record. Whether a single arginine infusion given early during DKA can safely boost the body's insulin and speed recovery has not been tested. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial will enroll 60 adults who present to one of four Detroit-area emergency departments with DKA consistent with ketone-prone type 2 diabetes (high glucose and significant ketones). Participants will receive standard DKA care ordered by their clinicians. In addition, under blinded conditions they will receive either arginine hydrochloride 30 grams (in 300 mL) or placebo (normal saline), infused intravenously over 30 minutes as early as feasible after DKA is recognized. The main question is whether arginine increases endogenous (self-made) insulin soon after infusion. We will measure C-peptide (a marker released in equal amounts with insulin) and glucose at 10, 30, and 90 minutes after the start of the infusion and calculate the C-peptide/glucose ratio. Secondary measures include the rate of ketone (β-hydroxybutyrate) clearance and the total insulin dose required in the first 24 hours. Additional blood tests will examine arginine and related amino acids, and a small sample of platelets will be used to explore mitochondrial function. Safety will be closely monitored during and after the infusion, and participants will be contacted at 90 days to assess for any delayed problems. Potential risks include temporary flushing, nausea, or headache; the infusion can be stopped at any time if needed. Potential benefits include faster resolution of ketosis and reduced insulin needs, but benefits cannot be guaranteed for individual participants.

This study looks at patients admitted to intensive care for drug poisoning involving metformin, a common diabetes medication. Researchers will compare two groups: patients who overdosed on metformin alone and those who took both metformin and dapagliflozin, another diabetes drug. The goal is to find clinical or laboratory signs that could help doctors quickly recognize a dapagliflozin overdose in this context, which could improve treatment and patient outcomes.

A number of scientific papers have been published on the efficacy and safety of adding REAMBERIN® (meglumin sodium succinate), a 1.5% infusion solution, to standard therapy for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which showed that the addition of the medication to DKA therapy at a dose of 10 ml/kg/day or an average of 800.68±151.59 ml on the first day of infusion, leads to a more rapid and successful resolution of DKA, achieving a state of compensation, a more rapid transfer of the patient from the intensive care unit (ICU) and discharge from the hospital. A combined, two-stage, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase II/III study with an adaptive design is planned. Stage 1 (phase II) will be a sequential evaluation of 2 doses of the study medication (750 ml and 1500 ml) versus placebo. At the 2nd stage of the study (phase III), additional recruitment of patients will be carried out in two groups in a 1:1 ratio to the experimental group or placebo group, to receive the optimal dose in accordance with the result obtained at stage 1.

the aim of this study is to: evaluate the association between serum ferritin levels and the clinical presentation and short-term prognosis of patients with DKA. Specifically, the correlation between its level and the severity of DKA at presentation and determine its prognostic value in predicting short-term outcomes.

In the present work we aim to 1. Response to therapy, During the management of DKA, acid base status, glycemia, and serum electrolytes are measured frequently to monitor the efficacy of treatment, detect complications of DKA and its treatment, and to determine resolution of DKA. 2. Clinical complication like cerebral injury / cerebral edema , cognitive impairment , acute kidney injury , hypokalemia. 3. Severity of DKA