Dyslipidaemia

The goal of this study is to learn if an AI-generated personalized health report combined with face-to-face guidance from cardiologists can help rural adults with high blood pressure control their blood pressure better and reduce heart attacks and strokes. It will also assess the safety and practicality of this approach. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does this intervention increase the proportion of patients who achieve blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg at 18 months? Does it lower the rate of major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, heart failure hospitalisation, or cardiovascular death) over 48 months or longer? Does it improve medication adherence, blood pressure levels, and health knowledge, and is it cost-effective? Researchers will compare three groups of townships: one receiving the full AI-plus-cardiologist intervention, one receiving the same follow-up and education but without the AI report and cardiologist consultation, and one continuing with usual local care. Participants will: Attend regular clinic visits for blood pressure measurements, lab tests, and questionnaires. If in the intervention group, receive an AI-generated personalised health report and a face-to-face consultation with a cardiologist, plus home blood pressure monitoring guidance and health education. Be followed for 48 months or longer to track their blood pressure and any cardiovascular events. All medications used are standard, widely approved blood pressure drugs; side effects are mild and manageable, and participants will be closely monitored. Participation is voluntary, and all personal data will be kept confidential. The study has ethics approval, and informed consent will be obtained from all participants.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a newly developed virtual care program for older adults with chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes and lipid disorders) whether it is feasible and economical to implement in the Malaysian primary healthcare settings. We hypothesize that the use of this virtual care program (TeleCOOP-NCD©) will be more cost-effective (lower total costs per benefits gained) compared to the usual onsite care at the clinic for older adults who have stable chronic diseases. We also hypothesize that there is no significant difference in control of clinical parameters compared to usual care. Researchers will compare the primary outcomes such as patient satisfaction, health-related quality of life, provider cost and patient cost between the intervention and control group. Researchers will also check participant recruitment rate, participant retention rate and clinical parameters (including blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum lipids) as secondary outcomes. Eligible participants will receive either virtual care program (intervention) or usual care (regular in-person visits) at a primary care clinic, called the Klinik Primer of Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (KP-HCTM), in Bandar Seri Permaisuri, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Researchers will do outcome assessments at baseline, 3 months and 6 months respectively.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic, serious, life-threatening, inflammatory liver disease characterized by increased liver fat content, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis. The overall prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is rapidly rising world-wide. ECC4703 is a potential new treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of this research is to investigate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of sulfasalazine and pitavastatin when combined with ECC4703.

This study aims to investigate the extent to which vegan or plant-based, omnivorous, and carnivore dietary patterns affect LDL aggregation susceptibility (the affinity for LDL cholesterol particles to clump together in the blood), which may promote plaque build-up in arteries. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods design, the study will measure LDL aggregation, blood lipids, and other metabolic biomarkers in individuals following these diets, and combine these data with dietary and behavioural information to examine links with cardiovascular and metabolic health.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether following a Mediterranean-style diet or a Carnivore-style diet can improve heart and metabolic health in men and women aged 30-60 years with high LDL cholesterol. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does following a Mediterranean or Carnivore diet change how easily LDL cholesterol particles clump together (LDL aggregation susceptibility)? 2. Do these two diets have different effects on other measures of heart and metabolic health, such as blood fats, blood vessel function, and overall wellbeing? Researchers will compare people who follow the Mediterranean-style diet with those who follow the Carnivore-style diet to see which diet produces more beneficial changes in cholesterol and heart health markers. Participants will: * Attend three visits at Liverpool John Moores University for screening and data collection. * Be randomly assigned to follow either the Mediterranean or Carnivore diet for 3 weeks, matched for calories and protein. * Provide fasting blood, urine, and stool samples before and after the diet period. * Complete non-invasive cardiovascular tests to measure blood vessel and heart function. * Take part in a short interview and complete questionnaires about their experience of following the diet.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if the use of a care model including teleconsults and the EMPOWER app can induce clinically significant weight loss and metabolic improvements in obese adults with diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Researchers will compare this model with the conventional standard of care of physical visit-based weight management program to see if this model is non-inferior to the standard of care for inducing weight loss, and if there is greater patient convenience with telehealth and more frequent self-monitoring, compliance with diet advice and exercise participation compared to standard of care. Participants in the standard arm will attend 4 physical doctor and 4 physical dietician consultations over 26 weeks, where they will be provided with an individualized diet and exercise prescription to induce at least 5% weight loss. Participants in the intervention arm will have the same number of consults over 26 weeks, of which at least 50% will be teleconsults, and will also be provided with an individualized diet and exercise prescription to induce at least 5% weight loss. In addition, they will be taught to use the EMPOWER app to upload weight, blood pressure and glucose, food and exercise records which will be reviewed at the consults. The app also delivers nudges to improve adherence to lifestyle modification.

The European NAFLD Registry is a prospectively recruited, observational study supporting the study of the clinical phenotype, natural history, disease outcomes and pathophysiology of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. The ultimate goals are to better understand the drivers of interpatient variation in disease pathophysiology and severity and to utilise this information to develop and validate biomarkers that, singly or in combination, enable detection and monitoring of disease progression and/or from NAFL through NASH to fibrosis and cirrhosis.