HbA1c Level

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) educational intervention for adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Adolescents often face challenges in maintaining optimal blood glucose control and performing regular self-care. In this study, participants will receive structured diabetes education through a mobile application designed to improve their knowledge, self-efficacy (SE), and self-management skills. The impact of the intervention will be assessed by measuring changes in HbA1c levels, diabetes self-efficacy, and self-care (SC)behaviors over time. These findings may help determine whether mobile app-based education can support better diabetes management among adolescents.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of stingless bee honey (Kelulut honey) in juvenile open-angle glaucoma patients. The study evaluates the effects on serum Interleukin 6 level(IL-6), retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness and dry eye-related symptoms. A total of 60 participants who meet the study criteria will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will consume 30 grams of Kelulut honey daily for a period of three months, while the control group will not receive honey or a placebo. Serum IL-6 level, RNFL thickness, Tear break up time (TBUT) and Schirmer Test 1 will be done before and after 90 days. Adherence to honey consumption will be monitored using a daily diary. This study aims to provide better understanding of the potential role of Kelulut honey as a supplementary therapy in patients with juvenile open-angle glaucoma.