Health Care Associated Infection

Aim: To investigate if host factors, such as composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota and/or genetic determinants, are associated with a higher risk of recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). To generate a predictive tool based on epidemiological, clinical, genetic and microbiologic variables aimed to identify patients at a higher risk of CDI recurrence in a context of optimized ICD management. Design: Multicenter prospective cohort study. Patients: Older than 18 years patients with CDI diagnosis, made by IDSA criteria, in the participant centers. Follow-up: A stewarship program aimed to improve CDI management, including early detection of CDI recurrence, will be implemented in the participant centers. Blood samples for genetic testing and stool samples for intestinal microbiome studies will be collected. Variables and data analysis: The primary outcome variable will be the emergence of CDI recurrence. Potential independent predictors of recurrence, including genetic and microbiological factors, will be assessed. A predictive tool based on independent predictors of recurrence will be built in a development subpopulation. The performance of the model will be assessed by ROC curves, and sensititvity, especificity, as well as negative and positive predictive values will be calculated, both in the development subpopulation and in a validation subset.

The aim of our study is to reduce the incidence of External ventricular drain (EVD)-related infections by implementing a bundle of measures including updated care protocoles and training of residents, nurses and nurses assistants. At Nice University Hospital, we are conducting a retrospective study showing a 22% infection rate associated with EVD. The identified pathogens are mainly transmitted by manual contact. Additionnally, high turnover among paramedical staff and sometimes rapid training may contribute to infection ocurrence. We hypothesize that a significant proportion of patients with EVD develop nosocomial ventriculitis, primarily due to modificable risk factors such as catheter handling and breaches in aseptic technique.

This study is a cross-sectional study that examines the prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection \[LTBI\], defined as individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with no clinical evidence of disease, and the possible risk factors of LTBI in a large cohort of health care workers (HCWs) and students.