Infra-bony Periodontal Defect

The goal of the study to evaluate whether the adjunctive use of gingival mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (GMSC-derived EVs) combined with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and a collagen membrane results in superior radiographic bone fill compared to β-TCP and collagen membrane alone in the surgical management of infra-bony periodontal defects over a 6-month follow-up period.