Kinesiophobia (Fear of Movement)

Chronic pain is common among adults aged 65 and older and can reduce mobility, independence, mood, and quality of life. Many older adults also develop a fear of movement because they worry that physical activity will increase their pain or cause injury. This fear can lead to reduced activity, physical deconditioning, and further loss of independence. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of Moving Without Fear or Pain, a program using immersive virtual reality rehabilitation to gradually reintroduce movement in a safe and engaging way. The virtual reality intervention includes up to eight individualized sessions over approximately one month. Sessions last 5 to 30 minutes and are supervised by a trained clinician. Participants wear a virtual reality headset and are immersed in calming or engaging environments, such as nature settings. Depending on their comfort and abilities, sessions may begin with passive guided motor imagery and progress to active movement within interactive virtual environments. Some applications allow participants to control movement in the virtual world through gentle physical activity, such as stepping or upper-body movement. The intervention is personalized to each participant's physical capacity, preferences, and rehabilitation goals. The aim is to reduce fear of movement, increase confidence, and promote safe re-engagement in physical activity. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, 24 older adults with chronic pain will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: 1) Experimental Group: Participants will receive care, and up to eight immersive virtual reality rehabilitation sessions. 2) Control Group: Participants will receive usual care, without virtual reality sessions. The findings will inform a larger future study.

Brief Summary The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if MUSIC CARE©, a music-based therapy tool, can improve the physical abilities of people with chronic low back pain (back pain that lasts more than 3 months). The main questions it aims to answer are: Does MUSIC CARE© help participants better perform their daily activities? Does MUSIC CARE© lower the fear of movement in participants? Does MUSIC CARE© help participants return to work? Why this study? Chronic low back pain is a leading cause of disability and absence from work. Physical rehabilitation is the recommended treatment. However, many participants develop a fear of movement. This fear slows down their recovery and limits the benefits of rehabilitation. MUSIC CARE© is a digital music tool. It uses specially designed music to help participants relax and feel less pain. Researchers believe that using MUSIC CARE© before rehabilitation sessions may help participants move more freely and recover better. How does the study work? Researchers will compare two groups of participants: Group 1: follows a standard rehabilitation program with MUSIC CARE© Group 2: follows a standard rehabilitation program without MUSIC CARE© This comparison will show whether MUSIC CARE© brings added benefits. Participants will: Take part in a rehabilitation program for 5 to 6 weeks Use MUSIC CARE© before each therapy session (Group 1 only). Complete questionnaires about their pain, fear of movement, and ability to perform daily activities. Be followed for 6 months after the program ends, including an assessment of their return to work. What could this study change? If results are positive, this study could confirm that MUSIC CARE© is a useful non-drug tool to support rehabilitation for people with chronic low back pain. It could help bring this approach into standard care programs, with no additional medication.

Pain can influence the way the motor system functions. However, responses to pain vary widely between individuals, and this variability may be partly related to pain-related beliefs such as kinesiophobia. This study examines whether temporary experimental pain changes intracortical excitability in the motor cortex, and whether this response differs according to baseline kinesiophobia. Healthy adults will complete one experimental session. Motor cortex excitability will first be assessed at baseline using transcranial magnetic stimulation, a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. A topical capsaicin cream will then be applied to the forearm to induce temporary, moderate experimental pain. Once pain is established, the same neurophysiological assessments will be repeated. The main objective is to measure changes in short-interval intracortical inhibition before and during capsaicin-induced pain, with particular attention to whether these changes are associated with baseline kinesiophobia. Secondary objectives are to characterize other markers of motor cortex excitability, including long-interval intracortical inhibition, short-interval intracortical facilitation, intracortical facilitation, and corticospinal excitability assessed using input-output recruitment curves. Pain intensity will be monitored using a visual analog scale to characterize the experimental pain response. Baseline kinesiophobia will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and examined as a factor associated with interindividual variability in neurophysiological responses to experimental pain. The researchers expect that changes in motor cortex excitability during experimental pain will vary between individuals, and that individuals with higher kinesiophobia may show smaller changes in motor cortex excitability during capsaicin-induced pain.

This study aims to evaluate whether listening to music and using Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) can help patients recover better after knee arthroscopy. After this type of surgery, many patients experience pain, fear of movement (kinesiophobia), balance problems, and an increased risk of falling. In this study, patients will receive music listening and EFT as supportive, non-drug interventions during the postoperative period. The goal is to determine whether these simple and safe methods can reduce pain, decrease fear of movement, and lower fall risk, ultimately improving recovery. The findings of this study may help healthcare professionals, especially nurses, provide more holistic and patient-centered care after knee surgery.

Objectives: Impairment of physical function is a core feature of RA, particularly in patients with high disease activity where pain and inflammation directly limit movement. but, Reduced mobility in RA is not exclusively driven by inflammatory pathology. There are non-inflammatory factors, including kinesiophobia, fatigue, depression, and anxiety, may significantly contribute to functional limitation and may initiate a self-perpetuating cycle in which movement avoidance leads to physical deconditioning, muscle weakness, and progressive functional decline. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between kinesiophobia and functional outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to investigate its associations with disease activity, pain, fatigue, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and sarcopenia, with a focus on factors relevant to functional assessment and rehabilitation. Patients and Methods A case - control study will be conducted on Two hundred adult patients previously diagnosed with RA according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA and 200 apparently healthy volunteers with age and sex matching will be involved in the study. The study will be conducted in Rheumatology department, Minia university Hospital, Egypt. All patients will be subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and assessment of the following parameters: 1. Kinesiophobia: using the Arabic version of TSK-17 2. Disease activity: using DAS 28 3. pain severity using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 4. Fatigue: using the Arabic version of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) 5. Depression: using the Arabic version of the BDI-2 6. Anxiety: using the Arabic version of the BAI 7. sarcopenia using the Arabic version of the SARC-F questionnaire 8. Functional disability: using the Arabic version of the HAQ-DI 9. Physical activity:using IPAQ-SF

The goal of this clinical trial study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing kinesiophobia and improving Clinical outcomes in postoperative patients following total hip arthroplasty The main question it aims to answer is: Does the addition of cognitive behavioral therapy to standard physical therapy rehabilitation exercise reduce kinesiophobia and pain while improving functional mobility and quality of life in postoperative patients after total hip arthroplasty ? Participants will be divided into two groups to be compared: the first group (Control group) will only receive standard physical therapy rehabilitation exercises , consistent with routine post-total hip arthroplasty care, while the second group ( experimental group) will receive the same program in addition to cognitive behavioral therapy.

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness of binaural beat stimulation on the autonomic nervous system (ANS), taking into account kinesiophobia related to reinjury and fitness levels in professional athletes with musculoskeletal injuries. The study hypothesis is that binaural beats will have beneficial effects by reducing ANS activity, primarily through modulation of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, as well as by reducing kinesiophobia related to reinjury and enhancing fitness levels in this population. Researchers will compare binaural beat stimulation to a placebo condition and to a condition without binaural beats in order to evaluate and compare the effects of those three conditions on psychological and physiological parameters in professional athletes with musculoskeletal injuries. Participants will: * Receive receive music intervention either with binaural beat stimulation or placebo or music without binaural beats before their training sessions and competitions for a period of four weeks. * Maintain a diary to document each session of the music-based intervention.