Laryngeal Mask Airway

Video laryngeal masks (VLMAs) are increasingly used as a minimally invasive alternative in airway management. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents can affect VLMA placement and airway physiology. As a result, there may be differences in postoperative respiratory complications and middle ear pressure.

Ciprofol is a novel intravenous anesthetic with a pharmacological profile similar to propofol but with a lower incidence of injection pain, hypotension, and respiratory depression. For pediatric day-case surgeries, laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion without neuromuscular blockers is increasingly preferred. While opioids are often combined with hypnotics to optimize insertion conditions, the optimal bolus dose of ciprofol when co-administered with a standard dose of fentanyl for LMA insertion in children remains unknown. This study aims to determine the 95% effective dose (ED95) of a single intravenous bolus of ciprofol, combined with a fixed dose of fentanyl (1 μg/kg), for successful LMA insertion in children aged 1-12 years during general anesthesia induction.