Milk Allergy, Cow's

This clinical trial aims to investigate if oral immunotherapy can help children with cow's milk allergy tolerate cow's milk. Children aged 6-18 months can take part in the trial. Main question: What percentage of children can tolerate cow's milk after oral immunotherapy, compared with children who avoid cow's milk? Children are assigned to these two groups by chance. Children receiving oral immunotherapy will: * Take a small, increasing amount of cow's milk daily for 1-1.5 years * Attend clinic or online visits each time the dose is increased * Record missed doses All children will: * Provide blood samples to measure allergy-related markers * Undergo an oral food challenge with cow's milk after 1-1.5 years to assess how much they can tolerate * Report allergic reactions (parent-reported) * Complete questionnaires (parent-reported) * Participate in an end-of-study telephone interview with an allergy nurse (parent-reported)

Protocols for Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) for the main food allergens have been recently incorporated in clinical practice for food allergies and their clinical benefits have been acknowledged in European and Canadian official guidelines. There has been some reluctance in both clinicians and patients to implement these therapies, primarily because of the risk of allergic reactions during the desensitization process. This study will investigate if protocols using low doses of a food allergen or processed versions of the allergen can be both effective in conferring desensitization while inducing fewer allergic symptoms during the desensitization process.