Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-Antibody Related Disorders

The goal of this observational study is to determine whether genetic information, together with clinical information, can be used to improve prediction of future multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis after a first-time episode of optic neuritis. The study will also investigate visual outcomes, quality of life, healthcare use, and the acceptability of using genetic information to predict future health outcomes in people with optic neuritis. The main outcomes that we aim to assess are: 1. Incident diagnosis of MS following a first episode of optic neuritis, including time to MS diagnosis. 2. Visual outcomes following optic neuritis, including visual acuity, visual field, and colour vision. 3. Clinical care received following optic neuritis, including specialist review, investigations/tests 4. Health-related and vision-related quality of life. 5. Health economic impacts and healthcare utilisation after experiencing optic neuritis 6. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices/behaviours about using genetic information to predict future MS disease risk. If consented, participants will: 1. Allow researchers to review information from their medical records relating to their optic neuritis diagnosis, investigations, treatments, and outcomes. 2. Be invited to provide a saliva sample for genetic analysis. 3. Complete questionnaires about their lifestyle/risk factors, quality of life, and views on genetic risk prediction. 4. Allow researchers to track long-term health outcomes using information from their NHS records

The influence of pregnancy on the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been a controversial topic. After the publication of the first large prospective study of pregnancy and MS in 1998, counselling of women with MS has radically changed and many patients have been able to fulfill their desire of motherhood. However, there are still some challenges for the neurologist, who has to face old unanswered questions or new issues, regarding the use of disease modifying drugs (DMDs) in this period of life, effects on the short and long term outcome of the mother (in terms of relapses and disability) and the child, role of breast-feeding and locoregional analgesia. To set up a national prospective pregnancy registry for patients with MS, nested within the Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaque (OFSEP) cohort, owing to a better knowledge of interactions between MS and pregnancy-related issues (pregnancy itself, locoregional analgesia, breastfeeding, impact of using or stopping DMDs on women/children…)

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG-associated disorders (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease. In addition, since the international MOGAD group proposed live-cell based assays for MOGAD diagnosis in 2023, there are still no real-world cohort validation studies on this methodology. This study intends to establish a large sample cohort with multi-center and paired design. MOG-IgG detection based on live cells and fixed cells was performed on the study participants with high suspicion of MOGAD and the negative control population, to obtain the diagnostic performance parameters and consistency evaluation of the two methodologies, evaluate their clinical diagnostic value, and explore the best individual assay cutoffs for MOG-IgG detection suitable for the diagnosis of MOGAD in China.