Myopia

The purpose of this research project is to add evidence of pharmacological (0.025% atropine) and optical (Defocus Integrated Multiple Segments Triple Enhanced Design spectacle lenses ) approaches for myopia prevention among premyopic preschoolers, which may contribute to a better understanding of the intervention strategy for myopia control in premyopic children.

This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled study to test whether a new type of eyeglass lens - a "dual-action" lens that combines two technologies (multiple defocus zones and dot diffusion) - can slow the progression of nearsightedness (myopia) in children and teenagers. About the participants: Children and adolescents with myopia who meet the study requirements will be randomly assigned (like flipping a coin) to one of two groups. One group will wear the new dual-action lenses, and the other group will wear Stellest lenses, an established myopia-control lens. Neither the participants, their families, nor the eye doctors doing the follow-up exams will know which lens each child is wearing. About the study: Participants wear their assigned glasses at least 12 hours every day for 12 months and visit the clinic about every 3 months (5 visits in total). At each visit, doctors check eyesight, measure the length of the eyeball, and perform other eye exams. The main goal is to compare how much myopia progresses in the two groups after 12 months, measured by a painless dilated-eye (cycloplegic) refraction test. The study also tracks how comfortable and acceptable the lenses are, and how long children actually wear them each day. Why this research matters: Myopia in children is increasing worldwide, and effective ways to slow it down are still limited. This study will show whether combining two proven optical technologies in one lens works as well as existing options and is safe and comfortable for daily wear.

Screening for hyperopic reserve among senior kindergarten children is an important population-based eye health measure. Hyperopic reserve refers to physiological hyperopia in young children, which acts as a natural buffer against myopia development. This screening aims to identify children with insufficient hyperopic reserve at an early stage, providing information for implement targeted myopia prevention interventions, and reduce the risk of subsequent myopia onset and progression.

Effect of alternating contact lenses and spectacles for myopia control.

A multicenter, prospective, intervention study on the control of myopia in young children using high-order phase element array microstructure lenses (H.O.P.E.) in combination with low-concentration atropine eye drops (0.02%)

The goal of this observational study is to investigate the effects of eye fatigue induced by screen task on dry eye disease (DED) signs and symptoms, visual performance, and visual behavior in young adults with and without DED and with normal vision and myopia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does a screen task that induces eye fatigue affect dry eye signs and symptoms, visual quality, and visual behavior? * Are the effects of this screen task different in individuals with and without DED, and are they associated with myopia? Researchers will compare participants with and without DED to determine whether they respond differently to a screen task designed to induce eye fatigue. They will also explore potential relationships between DED and myopia. Participants will: * Attend two study visits. * Complete eligibility screening and realize visual and eye assessments. * Be classified as having or not having DED based on a questionnaire and clinical eye examinations. * Perform a screen task designed to induce eye fatigue. * Perform measurements before and after a screen task, including assessments of DED signs and symptoms, blinking behavior, eye movements, visual performance, and physiological responses with a smartwatch.

The purpose of the study is to compare the hand-eye coordination and sports vision performance in participants while they are wearing their habitual contact lenses versus while wearing the dual-focus multifocal contact lenses.

The purpose of this clinical trial is to compare a new myopia control spectacle lens with a standard single vision spectacle lens in slowing the progression of myopia (nearsightedness) in healthy children aged 6 to under 11 years. The main question being studied is: Is the new myopia control spectacle lens more effective than a standard single vision spectacle lens in slowing myopia progression? In this study, participants will wear a myopia control spectacle lens in one eye and a standard single vision spectacle lens in the other eye for the first 6 months. The lens assignment will then be switched between eyes for the remaining 6 months. Researchers will compare changes in eye axial length and refractive error between the two lens types. Participants will: * Wear the study spectacles for 12 months. * Attend scheduled follow-up visits at the Essilor R\&D Centre, Singapore.

The aims of this clinical trial will test whether or not the onset of nearsightedness is delayed in a group of children randomized to nightly drops in 0.05% atropine in both eyes, in comparison to children who receiving nightly placebo drops in both eyes. The primary outcome is the two-year cumulative incidence of nearsightedness. The second aim of this project will determine whether atropine is associated with slower eye growth in children receiving nightly drops of atropine versus placebo.

The goal of this observational study is to learn whether different types of eyeglasses prescription and different types of lenses change how close teenagers hold objects when looking at them up close. The study includes adolescents who are non-myopic and adolescents who are myopic and wear either single-vision lenses or lenses slowing down myopia progression. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do teenagers in these three groups use different average working distances (eye-to-object distance) during everyday tasks? Does wearing Essilor® Stellest® lenses change working distance compared with wearing single-vision lenses? Researchers will compare the three groups to see if their working distances differ. Participants will: Complete an initial optometric eye examination. Come for a second visit where they perform everyday activities while wearing a motion-capture system that measures how they move and how far they hold objects.

To compare the performance of two leading soft multifocal Toric contact lenses.

The goal of this study is to investigate the myopic control efficacy of two study soft contact lenses in children. Participants will be prescribed Lens A, Lens B or single vision contact lenses for the first year. Participants in single vision contact lenses group will switch to Lens A at 12 months. All participants will then continue lens wear for an additional 12 months. Their cycloplegic refraction and axial length will be monitored every 6 months for 2 years.

The goal of this study is to investigate the short-term changes in choroidal thickness and efficacy of the study spectacle lenses in children. Participants will be prescribed with a pair of study spectacle lenses for daily use and visit the clinic once every week for the first month for checkup and tests. After the first month of follow-up, participants will visit at 1 month, 6- and 12-month for checkup. Choroidal thickness, axial length and refractive errors will be monitored.

This cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based, risk-stratified, tiered intervention model for childhood myopia prevention and control in resource-limited county areas of China, compared with the conventional screening-and-referral approach, with schools in project counties of Guizhou or Yunnan Province randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention or control group over a 12-month follow-up period. The study is motivated by the pressing reality that myopia among Chinese children is not only widespread but also occurring at younger ages than ever before, bringing with it a lifelong risk of sight-threatening complications, yet in remote county areas, routine vision screening programs are not yet widely available or well-established, due to a shortage of trained eye care professionals, the practical difficulties of performing cycloplegic refraction in school settings, and the lack of systematic follow-up, all of which make it hard to identify children with myopia or pre-myopia. Given that artificial intelligence may offer a practical way to assess risk without the need for pupil dilation, this study will enroll children in grades 1 through 3 from local primary schools. Over 12 months, an AI model will dynamically categorize children based on screening results and guide management adjustments(outdoor activity and defocus lenses) for the intervention group, while the control group receives routine care. The findings are expected to provide evidence to inform and optimize AI-based myopia prevention and control strategies in remote areas.

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical application of advanced ophthalmic imaging devices such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), retinal function imager (RFI), slit-lamp biomicroscopy (SLB), PERG in diseased eyes and normal controls. There are two phases in this study. The first phase is an observational phase which studies the eye in various conditions. The second phase is an interventional phase which studies the changes in the eyes after taking an over-the-counter medical food (Ocufolin) for 6 months.

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate over a one-year period the effect of myopia control spectacle lenses on astigmatism in children aged 6 to 13 years with myopia and astigmatism. The main question it aims to answer is: \- How does the eye respond at each timepoint to the myopia control lenses? By evaluating: the change in astigmatism (cylinder) after one year? Participants will: Wear the assigned study spectacles daily Visit the Essilor R\&D Centre for scheduled follow-up sessions

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if our research spectacles will lower the difference in prescription (spectacles degree) between the eyes in children between 6 to 13 years old with anisometropic myopia. Anisometropic myopia is when the difference in myopia prescription between the two eyes are more than 1 diopter. The main question it aims to answer is: * How the eye responds to the research spectacles over time by measuring: 1. Change in axial length: the physical length of the eye from front to back. 2. Change in cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction: an accurate measurement of the eye's prescription taken while the focusing muscles are temporarily relaxed with eye drops. Participants will: * Wear the study spectacles * Visit Essilor R\&D Centre and an eye clinic for follow-up sessions

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if myopia-control eyeglass lenses (Essilor® Stellest® 2.0) can slow down the progression of short-sightedness (myopia) in young adults, compared with standard single-vision lenses. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does wearing Stellest® 2.0 lenses slow the increase in eye length (axial length) after 1 year, compared with standard lenses? Does wearing Stellest® 2.0 lenses reduce the change in glasses prescription and the occurrence of eye complications after 2 years, compared with standard lenses? How well do participants tolerate the Stellest® 2.0 lenses in the first weeks of wear? Researchers will compare Stellest® 2.0 myopia-control lenses to standard single-vision lenses to see if they reduce the worsening of myopia. Participants will: Wear either the study glasses or standard glasses every day, at least 12 hours a day, for 2 years Attend an eye exam and vision check at the start of the study, after 1 year, and after 2 years Complete three phone check-ins during the first 3 months to report on comfort and how well they tolerate their glasses

Society has become increasingly digital, and many everyday services have been replaced by digital self-service solutions. This puts greater demands on our vision and our ability to interpret what we see. At the same time, the number of children with nearsightedness (myopia) has increased rapidly. In some parts of Asia, as many as 60-70% of students in seventh grade are nearsighted, and a similar trend may develop in Europe. Nearsightedness is becoming a growing challenge in pediatric eye care. High myopia can lead to complications that require early detection and prevention. There are now several ways to slow down its progression, such as special contact lenses, glasses, and eye drops. However, the scientific evidence for these treatments varies, and there are currently no national or Nordic guidelines on how to use them. In addition, myopia may have a major impact on children's quality of life. Currently, there is no validated Swedish questionnaire that measures vision related quality of life across all age groups in children and adolescents. To address this, researchers in the United States developed the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ) in 2019. It is already available in English and Spanish and takes into account both the child's and the parent's perspectives on vision and daily life. The aim of this study is to translate, culturally adapt and test the PedEyeQ in Swedish children and adolescents, and to investigate how common refractive errors, especially nearsightedness - are today compared to 20-30 years ago. The study will include 300 healthy children and adolescents aged 0-17 years, divided into three age groups: 0-4 years, 5-11 years, and 12-17 years. Participants will be recruited through child health centers, preschools, and schools in the Örebro region. All participants will visit the eye clinic for a detailed eye examination, including: * Testing distance and near visual acuity * Measuring eye refraction (with and without eye drops that temporarily relax the eye's focusing muscles) * Imaging the retina using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) * Measuring eye length and corneal shape * Checking eye pressure and contrast sensitivity Children and parents will also answer questions about how the child's vision affects everyday life and wellbeing. For the youngest children (0-4 years), only parents will answer the questions. The PedEyeQ will be translated into Swedish following the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcome Research (ISPOR) guidelines to make sure it is culturally relevant and easy to understand. The Swedish version will then be tested to ensure it is accurate and reliable. All information collected in the study will be stored securely and anonymously. The results will also be compared with data from a similar cohort conducted in the 1990s to see if vision problems have become more common over time. This project will provide new knowledge about children's vision and quality of life in Sweden. A validated Swedish version of the PedEyeQ can be used both in healthcare and research to better understand how vision affects children's daily lives. The study will also offer updated information on the frequency of refractive errors among Swedish children and adolescents - knowledge that is essential for developing preventive strategies and improving eye care for the future.

A prospective, open-labeled, single-site study of an implantable collamer lens (ICL) for the correction/reduction of myopia with or without astigmatism.

A prospective, open-labeled, single-site study of a phakic implantable collamer lens (ICL) for the correction/reduction of myopia with or without astigmatism.

To provide comprehensive evaluation of WaveLight® Plus technology by assessing impact on both functional low-light vision and patient reported outcomes

Participants will undergo LASIK surgery in one eye using ray tracing guided technology in one eye and LASIK surgery in the other eye using wavefront guided technology. We are comparing outcomes between the two technologies as measured by self reported quality of vision and quality of life outcomes using validated questionnaires before and after surgery. We will also be comparing outcomes between the two technologies including measurement of low contrast visual acuity,and best spectacle corrected visual acuity.

Corrective eye surgeries, such as Lasik, are widely used to correct focusing problems such as myopia, or nearsightedness. Often these patients develop other conditions like myopic maculopathy or glaucoma which require monitoring with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Since OCT is a light-based test and changes the refractive status of the eye (in the cornea or the lens), it can potentially affect the results of the OCT measurements but has not been sufficiently studied. This pilot study aims at studying the potential change in OCT parameters in the eye after undergoing such surgery.

This study aims to find out whether ZEISS MyoActive lenses can help prevent short-sightedness from developing in children. We aim to recruit at least 50 children in total for this study. Myopia (short-sightedness) is becoming increasingly common in children worldwide. Early onset of myopia often leads to faster progression and a higher chance of developing high myopia, which increases the risk of serious eye conditions that can affect vision in adulthood, such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataracts. Current treatments can slow the worsening of short-sightedness once children become myopic, but there is limited evidence on whether early intervention can delay myopia from developing in the first place. This study will compare two types of commonly used spectacle lenses: ZEISS MyoActive lenses, which are designed to provide a type of optical signal that may reduce the worsening of short-sightedness; and Standard single-vision lenses, which are the usual lenses prescribed for clear vision. Children who join the study will be randomly assigned to wear one of these two lens types for 12 months. They will attend regular check-ups during this time so we can monitor their eye health and vision. By randomly assigning children to one of these two lens types and following them over 12 months, we aim to determine whether ZEISS MyoActive lenses: reduce the likelihood of developing short-sightedness, slow changes in how short-sighted a child's eyes are becoming and eye growth, and are safe, comfortable, and well-tolerated for everyday use. The findings from this study may help improve early myopia prevention strategies and potentially reduce future risks of high myopia and its associated eye conditions.