Obesity (BMI > 35)

Treatment with appetite suppressant drugs, including incretin-based receptor agonists, generally leads to clinically meaningful weight loss and reduced cardiometabolic risk. However, weight loss may include not only loss of adipose tissue but also loss of skeletal muscle mass, which ultimately may impair physical function and metabolic health. Resistance training is an effective strategy to maintain or increase skeletal muscle mass during weight loss, but its effects during treatment with appetite suppressant obesity medications have been studied insufficiently. This study will investigate whether unilateral resistance training during incretin-based receptor agonist treatment can preserve or improve skeletal muscle mass. Additionally, the study will determine whether preservation of muscle is accompanied by the preservation of muscle function and/or molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and blood. Participants will be adults with obesity who are about to start treatment with an incretin-based receptor agonist as part of routine clinical care. During the 13-week intervention, participants will perform supervised unilateral resistance training two times per week, training one leg while the other leg serves as an internal control. Data and tissue collection will take place before treatment start and after 13 weeks. Assessments include whole-body magnetic resonance imaging, blood sampling, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue biopsies, physical function tests, questionnaires, and monitoring of physical activity.

This randomized controlled experimental study aims to evaluate the effect of a PHP-MySQL database-based digital follow-up system combined with structured nursing education on quality of life, body mass index (BMI), and exercise habits in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Although bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity, long-term success depends largely on adherence to lifestyle modifications, including regular physical activity and sustained behavioral change. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive structured nursing education along with an 8-week digitally monitored exercise program starting at postoperative month four. The control group will receive standard postoperative care. Outcomes will be assessed using the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II (MA-II), BMI measurements, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The study aims to provide evidence for integrating digital health technologies and structured nursing interventions into postoperative bariatric care.

Obesity is associated with anatomical changes in the upper airway that increase the risk of difficult laryngoscopy and difficult mask ventilation during anesthesia. Conventional airway assessment parameters such as Mallampati score, neck circumference, and STOP-BANG scale are widely used but have limited predictive accuracy in obese patients. Airway ultrasonography has emerged as a promising non-invasive tool for difficult airway prediction; however, ultrasonographic criteria have not yet been standardized. This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the utility of airway ultrasonography in predicting difficult airway in adult obese patients (BMI \>30 kg/m²) scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Ultrasonographic measurements will include the distance from skin to hyoid bone (DSHB) at the level of the hyoid bone, the anterior neck soft tissue thickness at the thyrohyoid membrane level, and the hyomental distance ratio (HMDR). These parameters will be compared with conventional airway assessment tools and correlated with intraoperative Cormack-Lehane laryngoscopy grade and Han Scale mask ventilation score to determine their predictive value for difficult airway.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the OB-WELL program, an internet-based self-help intervention grounded in the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Brief Strategic Therapy (BST), designed to promote psychological well-being among individuals with obesity from the general Italian population. Methods: A three-arm randomized controlled trial with individual-level random allocation will be conducted to compare two active intervention formats - CBT and BST - with a waiting list (WL) control condition. The intervention will last six weeks and will consist of five online self-help modules followed by one individual synchronous session. Selected psychological outcomes will be assessed at baseline and immediately post-intervention (after 6 weeks). Participants in the experimental groups will also complete follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment termination. Expected results and conclusions: Both active interventions are expected to show greater improvements immediately post-treatment compared to the waitlist (WL) condition, and these effects are anticipated to be maintained over time. It is further hypothesized that the BST condition will demonstrate greater stability of psychological outcomes at follow-up compared to CBT.