Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (PDPN)

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of pure Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) supplementation combined with a structured self-efficacy-based educational program on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and neuropathic pain in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN). A total of 900 participants will be randomly assigned to three parallel arms: a standard care control group, a Ceylon cinnamon supplementation group (1,000 mg/day), and a combined intervention group (Ceylon cinnamon supplementation plus the self-efficacy educational program) over a 6-month period. The study hypothesizes that the combined approach will significantly improve glycemic parameters, reduce neuropathic pain severity, and enhance metabolic profiles compared to standard care alone.

This project aims to evaluate the effects of acupressure applied to elderly individuals with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) on neuropathic symptoms, balance confidence, fear of falling, and quality of life. This project will be conducted using a mixed methodology integrating quantitative and qualitative methods. Elderly individuals will be randomly assigned to an acupressure or placebo control group. The acupressure group will receive a total of 10 sessions of acupressure over one month. Outcome measures include assessments of neuropathic pain and symptoms, balance confidence, fear of falling, and quality of life. Appropriate statistical tests will be used to analyze the quantitative data obtained from the study, while content analysis will be used for the qualitative data.