Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion

The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to address the uncertainty surrounding blood transfusion strategies in the operating room for adult patients undergoing major surgery. The main question it aims to answer is: Does a higher hemoglobin threshold for blood transfusion during surgery reduce the risk of serious complications or death after surgery compared with a lower hemoglobin threshold? Researchers will compare a liberal and a restrictive transfusion strategy during surgery and the first few hours of recovery. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two blood transfusion strategies. Blood transfusions will be given to maintain either a higher hemoglobin level (90-100 g/L) or a lower hemoglobin level (70-80 g/L) during surgery and while in the recovery room after surgery. Participants will also complete questionnaires about their quality of life and recovery at 30 and 90 days after surgery.